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Musculoskeletal system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
The anterior knee evaluation starts in a long-axis plane, with the probe placed in the midline, immediately superior to the patella (Fig. 3.38a). This enables examination of the quadriceps tendon, suprapatellar fat pad, suprapatellar synovial recess and, immediately superficial to the femur, the pre-femoral fat pad. Still in a long axis, the probe may be moved distally to the patella, to examine the patellar tendon from its origin down to its distal insertion. Deep to the patellar tendon, the infrapatellar fat pad (Hoffa’s fat pad) can be seen. Transverse scans should also be performed, as well as dynamic evaluation (Fig. 3.38b).
Modeling algorithm for dynamic generalized body cavity
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
Jianqing Mo, Hanwu He, Jinfang Li, Heen Chen
We reconstructed the models of the enclosing bodies (e.g., femur, tibia, cartilage, ligaments and menisci, etc.) basing on the medical images. Served as the input data of the proposed algorithm, these models were used to create the initial cavity model in the static phase of our algorithm. The results of the main steps in the static phase are displayed in Figures 5–8. As shown in Figure 6(b), when constructing the LBCs, the distribution ranges of the articular cartilage were used to position the control points and control lines. If the most common anterior portal is intend to be adopted in the knee arthroscopy surgery, surgical instruments are sometimes allowed to access the cavity through the infrapatellar fat pad (as shown in Figure 6(b)), so we integrated it into the cavity model.
Ex vivo study correlating the stiffness of the ovine patellar tendon to age and weight
Published in International Biomechanics, 2022
Françoise Kayser, Edoardo Bori, Sophie Fourny, Fanny Hontoir, Peter Clegg, Alexandra Dugdale, Bernardo Innocenti, Jean-Michel Vandeweerd
Beside the effect of local lipid cells, the metabolic effects of increased adipose tissue might be responsible for lower tendon stiffness in man. The profile of adipokines (cytokines released by adipose tissue), and other cytokines expressed in obese individuals generally indicates a pro-inflammatory state (Battery and Maffulli 2011). Cytokines may originate from the infrapatellar fat pad (Ushiyama et al. 2003). There is a relation between cytokines released by infrapatellar fat pad (Hoffa’s fat pad) and knee osteoarthritis (Pottie et al. 2006). A larger infrapatellar fat pad (Culvenor et al. 2011) and systemic adiposity (Gaida et al. 2009) was associated with tendinopathy (Culvenor et al. 2011).