China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Fundamentals of Infrared Thermal Imaging
Published in U. Snekhalatha, K. Palani Thanaraj, Kurt Ammer, Artificial Intelligence-Based Infrared Thermal Image Processing and Its Applications, 2023
U. Snekhalatha, K. Palani Thanaraj, Kurt Ammer
Several research studies indicated that detection of diseases and disorders could be possible by analyzing the thermal images of subcutaneous skin temperature. Thermal imaging has been used for detecting various medical conditions affecting the locomotor and neuromuscular system such as rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory arthritis, osteoarthritis, pain syndromes including complex regional pain syndrome, orofacial pain, and diabetes complications. Historically, the first medical application of thermal imaging was in breast cancer detection. Among the early fields of thermographic research were also peripheral vascular disorders such as Raynaud’s phenomenon or venous diseases, dermatological disorders such as psoriasis or melanoma, and diseases of the locomotor apparatus. Consecutively, the use of infrared thermography was extended to eye diseases, psychological conditions, cardiovascular disorders, metabolic disorders, and, more recently, to physical exercise assessment and mass fever screening.
Musculoskeletal system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Intra-articular and peri-articular pain can be caused by myriad of conditions. Some are generic and can affect any joint, such as inflammatory arthritis. Some are specific to the processes within a particular joint or region, for example: Shoulder; pain commonly caused by the process of impingement – injection to the subacromial bursa.Elbow; pain commonly caused by ‘tennis’ or ‘golfer’s’ elbow – injection into the common extensor or flexor origins respectively.Wrist; pain commonly caused by de Quervain’s tenosynovitis – injection into the tendon sheath of the first extensor tendon.Hip; pain commonly caused by trochanteric bursitis – injection into the region of the trochanteric bursa.
Photoacoustic Tomography: A New Imaging Technology for Inflammatory Arthritis
Published in Lihong V. Wang, Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy, 2017
Xueding Wang, David L. Chamberland, Paul L. Carson, J. Brian Fowlkes
Implementing effective treatments for patients with inflammatory arthritis, i.e., early initiation and optimal adjustments of therapies, requires technologies for early diagnosis and highly sensitive monitoring of disease progression [11]. Medical imaging must be optimized for pathologic hallmarks of specific disease entities. Characteristic changes of inflammatory arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis, include aberrant synovial growth and production of inflammatory chemokines capable of destroying adjacent articular cartilage and bone [12]. Another critical early event in this pathologic state is neoangiogenesis, the formation of new vessels from existing blood vessels [13–15]. Morphometric studies have shown that capillary density appears to be increased in the arthritic synovium [16]. Ironically, in the setting of aberrant synovial proliferation and increased angiogenesis, the rheumatic synovium is still a relatively hypoxic state, thought to be caused by an imbalance between local metabolic rate and synovial vascular supply [17–21]. Also, periarticular inflammation can increase synovial fluid, thus elevating intraarticular pressure causing further hypoperfusion of vasculature [22].
Serum substance P level as a marker for subclinical rheumatoid arthritis activity
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Shimaa Borham Mohamed, Mohammed Fouad Elkenawy, Tamer Omar Elsaid, Ghada El-Saeed Mashaly
In our study, serum SP and VAS were significantly correlated in groups 1 and 2 (p = 0.015 and ≤0.001, respectively). The VAS has been validated as a subjective tool for measuring both acute and ongoing pain [35]. Additionally, for groups 1 and 2, a significant positive correlation between blood SP level and TJC was found (p values of 0.002 and ≤0.00, respectively). This contrasts with the finding of Origuchi et al. [14] which showed an insignificant correlation between serum SP level and TJC. TJC has a multifactorial base and may not always indicate continuous inflammation (e.g. joint degeneration as in the case of secondary osteoarthritis or subluxation causing pain even if the RA inflammation is no longer present) [36]. In comparison to clinical examination, power Doppler ultrasound is a contemporary imaging tool that allows for direct visualization of joint structures and is more effective at detecting synovitis and disease activity in RA [37]. In order to differentiate between inflammatory and non-inflammatory arthritis, synovitis is evaluated using the synovitis total score [38]. We found a significant positive correlation between synovitis total score and serum SP levels (P value≤0.001).
Limited value of current shoulder arthroplasty registries in evidence-based shoulder surgery: a review of 7 national registries
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Anne Karelse, Alexander Van Tongel, Taco Gosens, Sara De Boey, Lieven F. De Wilde, Nicole Pouliart
In 2014, the Nordic countries joined their efforts in trying to pool the data from all four registries. The disadvantage of Nordic Arthroplasty Register Association (NARA) is that it only retains a minimal compatible dataset because of differences in definition and available parameters [9]. For patient-related data gender, age, side, previous surgery (yes/no) and diagnosis were included. Diagnostic parameters were limited to a single-diagnosis hierarchical system (acute fracture, fracture sequelae, inflammatory arthritis, cuff problems, OA and other or missing). Surgery-related data were restricted to date, arthroplasty type (stemless TSA, stemmed TSA, resurfacing HAP, stemless HAP, stemmed HAP, reversed TSA, other or missing) and brand. Information on the glenoid component design was excluded from NARA as it was only registered in the DSAR and SSAR. A single hierarchical reason for revision can be entered on the basis of preoperative assessment and perioperative findings (infection, periprosthetic fracture, subluxation-instability, loosening, cuff problem or others, while fracture sequelae cannot be designated as a cause for revision.) For this reason the Finnish registry, although the oldest, could not join NARA before 2017.
Biomechanical upper-extremity performance tests and isokinetic shoulder strength in collision and contact athletes
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Edel Fanning, Katherine Daniels, Ann Cools, Josh J. Miles, Éanna Falvey
A convenience sample of male participants, aged 18 to 40 years of age, who were participating in competitive collision and/or contact sport locally, were invited to take part in the study. Athletes that purposely hit or collide with each other or with inanimate objects were defined as collision athletes (e.g., rugby) (Meehan et al. 2016). Athletes that routinely make contact with each other or with inanimate objects but usually with less force than in collision sports were defined as athletes who played contact sport (e.g., basketball) (Meehan et al. 2016). Athletes were classified as playing at a competitive level if they actively competed in competition and/or were registered in a local, regional or national federation. We excluded anyone with symptomatic upper limb pathology that had been actively managed in the last 6 months or whom had under gone upper limb surgery in the previous 12 months. If participants had a health condition that could explain reduction in shoulder strength (e.g., inflammatory arthritis, neurological disorder), they also were excluded. Baseline characteristics for both sub-study groups are shown in Table 1. The testing took place at the biomechanics laboratory at the Sports Medicine Department, Sports Surgery Clinic, Dublin. The study was approved by the Sports Surgery Clinic Hospital Ethics Committee.