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Vitis vinifera Extracts Against Free Radicals
Published in Cristobal N. Aguilar, Suresh C. Ameta, A. K. Haghi, Green Chemistry and Biodiversity, 2019
Katarína Valachová, Elsayed E. Hafez, Milan Nagy, Ladislav Šoltés
Commercial preparations of grape seed extract are marketed worldwide as food supplements. The cancer chemoprevention and anticancer potential of grape seed extract has been well reviewed including skin, colorectal, prostate, breast, lung, and gastric cancers. A low concentration (2.5 μg/mL) the grape seed extract was reported to inhibit the micronuclei frequency and generation of reactive oxygen species in a lymphocyte culture, demonstrating that its antioxidant property has a protective effect during oxidative stress. On the other hand, its high concentrations (25-100 μg/mL) showed cytotoxicity or antiproliferation of human bladder, colorectal, and breast cancer cell lines (Yen et al., 2015). Grape seed extract is commercially available and is prepared from the seed of grapes. Oral grape seed extract is typically administered in 50- or 100-mg capsules or tablets. Grape seed extract is also found in wine, whereas red wines contain substantially more grapes than white wines (177 mg/L compared to 8.75 mg/L). Grape seed extract protects elastin, collagen, and hyaluronic acid within the skin by blocking enzymes that may degrade them and/or disrupt their chemical structure. In this way, grape seed extract supports the skin young appearance. It prevents skin damage derived from sunlight, pollution, X-rays, cigarette smoke, and even stress (Yuan et al., 2012).
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using grape seed extract and evaluation of their antibacterial and antioxidant activities
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2023
Industrial wastes are known to be among the most harmful compounds. Their pollution of the water ecosystem causes serious public health problems.[22] Due to the harmful effects of the chemical synthesis of ZnO NPs, eco-friendly approaches have been of interest over the past few years.[23] In consideration of this, ZnO NPs have been effectively synthesized using eco-friendly methods.[24–31] The eco-friendly synthesis of ZnO NPs using plant extracts can be considered as a cost-effective and efficient method.[32] In addition, plant extracts have some biomolecules that can act as reducing and capping agents which stabilize NPs.[33] The grape seed is rich sources of phenolic compound. The antimicrobial effects of the grape seed extract has been reported against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.[34] The strong antioxidant capacity of the grape seed has also been known.[35] In this study, ZnO NPs were successfully prepared by a green method using grape seed extract. The antioxidant activity of the green-synthesized ZnO NPs was determined by free radical scavenging assay. Further, the antibacterial activity of the green-synthesized ZnO NPs was examined against S. aureus. The novel aspect of this work is the combination of nanoparticles and grape seed to produce a strong antibacterial and antioxidant activity.
Effects of chronic dietary grape seed extract supplementation on aortic stiffness and hemodynamic responses in obese/overweight males during submaximal exercise
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2022
Katherine Dillon, Brian Shariffi, Trevor Gillum, William Boyer, Sean Sullivan, Jong-Kyung Kim
Grape seed extract (GSE) is a nonpharmacological intervention that increases production of NO and may contribute to reducing the risk of cardiovascular events (Shi, Yu, Pohorly, & Kakuda, 2003). This health benefit is primarily attributable to the polyphenols found mostly within grape seeds. GSE consists mainly of flavanols (flavan-3-ol derivatives) and these active compounds include monomers of (+)- catechin, (-)- epicatechin, and their gallic acid esters (Shi et al., 2003). Previous studies have reported that acute dietary GSE supplementation improves endothelial function and, in turn, has a beneficial impact on blood pressure in individuals with high blood pressure at rest and during exercise (Kim, Kim, Choi, Park, & Stebbins, 2018; Park, Edirisinghe, Choy, Waterhouse, & Burton-Freeman, 2016). The mechanism underlying the antihypertensive effects of this extract in humans and animals are attributed to the activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), leading to an increase in the production of NO (Kim et al., 2018; Quiñones et al., 2014).