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Innovating animal models of aging: Selenium, frailty index, and mortality in pet dogs with exceptional longevity
Published in Gary Bañuelos, Zhi-Qing Lin, Dongli Liang, Xue-bin Yin, Selenium Research for Environment and Human Health: Perspectives, Technologies and Advancements, 2019
D.J. Waters, E. Chiang, C. Suckow, A. Maras, A.-C. Kruger, Q. Sun, L. Schomburg
Aging is characterized by the accumulation of macromolecular damage, which leads to the accumulation of functional deficits. People are living longer lives, but persons with the same chronological age display considerable heterogeneity in their accumulation of deficits. Frailty index (FI) operationalizes frailty as the proportion of health deficits present in each individual, providing vital insights into the aging process and its consequences in terms of mortality risk and healthy life expectancy. In older adults, low selenium (Se) status has been associated with frailty and decreased muscle strength (Beck et al. 2007, Lauretani et al. 2007), but, to date, no studies have examined whether Se status significantly influences the lethality of frailty. The objective of this research was to advance our understanding of the importance of Se for frailty and the aging process and to minimize adverse health consequences associated with increased life expectancy by using a novel animal model of highly successful human aging.
Design challenges for the future
Published in Sara J. Czaja, Walter R. Boot, Neil Charness, Wendy A. Rogers, Designing for Older Adults, 2019
Sara J. Czaja, Walter R. Boot, Neil Charness, Wendy A. Rogers
Growth in the numbers of oldest-old adults, particularly extreme old age categories such as nonagenarians and centenarians, may be expected to continue as suggested in earlier chapters. However, a decrease in life expectancy seen in the U.S. population in recent years (2014–2016) could blunt this trend. With extreme age comes a much higher probability of impairments, both physical and intellectual. Frailty is the norm for extreme old age, and the numbers of people with severe impairments are expected to increase substantially in those age ranges. Thus, the push for inclusive design approaches will likely gain momentum in the coming decades.
Activities for Supporting Work Ability of Ageing Workers
Published in Joanna Bugajska, Teresa Makowiec-Dąbrowska, Tomasz Kostka, Individual and Occupational Determinants, 2020
Pre-operative assessment of older patients, especially those with frailty syndrome, allows the prediction of operational outcomes, potential complications, risk of death as well as the length of the patient’s stay in the hospital after surgery and possible needs for care services including nursing home (Robinson et al. 2015).
Effects of multicomponent training and detraining on the fitness of older adults with or at risk of frailty: results of a 10-month quasi-experimental study
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2023
Ángel Iván Fernández-García, Alba Gómez-Cabello, Alejandro Gómez-Bruton, Ana Moradell, David Navarrete-Villanueva, Jorge Pérez-Gómez, Marcela González-Gross, Ignacio Ara, José A. Casajús, Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
However, frailty can be reversed through specific interventions, especially at the early stages of the process (Theou et al., 2011). Given the negative consequences of frailty, its prevention and treatment have become major public health challenges. In this way, scientific evidence supports regular exercise as a tool to improve health-related factors (Izquierdo et al., 2021), QoL (Coelho-Júnior et al., 2021) and frailty (Cadore et al., 2014). Nonetheless, it should be highlighted that not all types of exercise interventions have the same effects (Cadore et al., 2013). Based on current literature, multicomponent training (MCT), which consists of a combination of aerobic training, muscle strengthening, balance exercises, stretching (i.e. flexibility training) and/or coordination training (Bouaziz et al., 2016), seems to be one of the best strategies with older individuals (Cadore et al., 2013, 2014). MCT have demonstrated positive effects upon falls, gait ability, balance, aerobic endurance and strength (Cadore et al., 2014).
COVID-19 Pandemic Experiences across the Shelter-Care Continuum in Older Adults
Published in Journal of Aging and Environment, 2022
Paneet Gill, Gloria Gutman, Mojgan Karbakhsh, Robert Beringer, Brian de Vries
Those in SH and AL—the two housing types at the mid-point of the shelter-care continuum that are the focus of this paper—are less frail than those in long term care, however, they are usually more frail than CD adults living in market housing (Veronese et al., 2021). Frailty is characterized by a clinical state of increased vulnerability and functional impairment across one or more organ systems, compromising the capacity to deal with everyday stressors (Chen et al., 2014; Xue, 2011). An estimated 1.1 million older Canadians are classified as clinically frail; as frailty scores increase, independence in activities of daily living tends to decrease, and the demand for housing forms that include personal care assistance, meals, and health care increase (Gilmour & Ramage-Morin, 2021). For the individual, frailty reduces the capacity to cope with normal or daily stresses and may culminate in rapid changes to well-being (Xue, 2011). In terms of health-related economics, frailty is linked to higher consumption of healthcare resources (Gilmour & Ramage-Morin, 2021). In older adults who have COVID-19, more severe baseline frailty is associated with greater care needs after hospital discharge (Geriatric Medicine Research Collaborative et al., 2021), greater reduction in functional independence (Hussien et al., 2021), and increased mortality risk (Aw et al., 2020). Higher death rates have been reported in care home residents who are typically more frail than residents of AL (Chinnadurai et al., 2020).
Exploring views on communal amenities and well-being in housing for seniors in Taiwan
Published in Building Research & Information, 2020
Julie Chia-Ping Chen, Lucky Shin-Jyun Tsaih, Yu-Fen Li
Additionally, studies have also pointed out the health benefits for other recommended physical activities. For example, a Pilates workout could increase muscle strength and improve balance. Consequently, it could prevent the likelihood of falling and improving quality of life in seniors (Bullo et al., 2015). And the practice of physical activity could prevent frailty, reduce the risk of chronic illnesses, improve cognition and reduce anxiety (Tribess, Virtuoso, & De Oliveira, 2012; USDHHS, 2018). Virtual gym and video games could even be used to increase physical exercise and improve reaction times (Far, Silveira, Casati, & Baez, 2012; Goldstein et al., 1997). Lastly, a systematic review of evidence by Hendrickx et al. (2016) showed improvement in health with the use of swimming pools.