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Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics
Published in Emeric Arus, Biomechanics of Human Motion, 2017
Musculus flexor digitorum brevis is equivalent to the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle of the arm. This muscle has four fasciculi with their tendons and is fixed to the middle phalanges of the second to the fifth toes. Insertion: The origin is on the calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis. It distally inserts on the middle phalanges of the second to the fifth toes. Action: It is the flexor of the second to the fifth toes. Innervation is assured by the medial plantar nerve (L4 and L5).
Characteristics of lower leg and foot muscle thicknesses in sprinters: Does greater foot muscles contribute to sprint performance?
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2019
Takahiro Tanaka, Tadashi Suga, Yuya Imai, Hiromasa Ueno, Jun Misaki, Yuto Miyake, Mitsuo Otsuka, Akinori Nagano, Tadao Isaka
The measured foot muscles were as follows: flexor digitorum longus (FDL), flexor hallucis longus (FHL), peroneal longus and brevis (PLB), abductor hallucis (AbH), flexor digitorum brevis (FDB), and flexor hallucis brevis (FHB). Thicknesses of these foot muscles were measured based on the method used in previous studies (Angin et al., 2014; Crofts et al., 2014; Mickle et al., 2013). Briefly, thicknesses of the FDL and FHL were measured at 50% of the distance from the medial tibial plateau to the inferior border of the medial malleolus. Thickness of the PLB was measured at 50% of the distance from the fibular head to the inferior border of the lateral malleolus. Thickness of the AbH was measured at a section of muscle belly along an axial line between the medial malleolus tuberosity of the tibia and navicular tuberosity. Thickness of the FDB was measured at a section along a longitudinal line from the medial tubercle of the calcaneus to the third toe. Thickness of the FHB was measured at the section along a transverse line drawn at 50% of the distance between the medial tibial plateau and inferior border of the medial malleolus on the posterior aspect of the tibia.