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Exercise programmes and the promotion of health
Published in John Kerr, Amanda Griffiths, Tom Cox, Workplace Health, Employee Fitness and Exercise, 2020
Larry L. Fahlberg, Lauri A. Fahlberg
The traditional three-part, fitness-oriented exercise prescription is comprised of intensity, frequency and duration. For athletic purposes, intensity has been considered the most crucial variable. However, athletes are generally not as concerned with long-term or lifetime activity; their concern is with short-term gain. The American College of Sports Medicine (1991) has recently expanded the traditional three-part exercise prescription to include mode, intensity, duration, frequency, and progression of physical activity. Although this expanded prescription is an improvement, it still represents a treatment approach. For an enhancement approach, the seven-part wellness plan is recommended.
Aerobic training but no resistance training increases SIRT3 in skeletal muscle of sedentary obese male adolescents
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2018
Katya Vargas-Ortiz, Victoriano Pérez-Vázquez, Arturo Figueroa, Francisco J. Díaz, Paulina G. Montaño-Ascencio, Maciste H. Macías-Cervantes
The guidelines for exercise prescription indicate the importance of aerobic and resistance exercise as part of a complete training programme (Garber et al., 2011). Resistance training (RT) is recommended for weight loss in obese individuals to prevent muscle mass loss (Dias et al., 2015; Donnelly et al., 2009). Although there is little research in healthy adolescents, it has been reported that 12 weeks of RT increased strength and decreased body fat (Velez, Golem, & Arent, 2010). It is well known that RT is more effective than AT for lean mass increases. Meanwhile, AT is more effective than RT for fat mass reduction (Willis et al., 2012). AT and RT produce different physiological effects because activate distinct molecular signalling pathways. AT activates mitochondrial oxidative signalling pathways for ATP production from carbohydrate and fat oxidation while RT gets ATP from phosphocreatine and muscle glycogen in the sarcoplasm. Therefore, we hypothesized that AT would be more effective than RT to increase skeletal muscle SIRT3 content in obese adolescents. The objective of this study was to compare the effect of AT and RT on SIRT3, PGC-1α and NRF-1 protein content in the skeletal muscle of sedentary obese adolescents.
A randomised controlled trial of movement quality-focused exercise versus traditional resistance exercise for improving movement quality and physical performance in trained adults
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2019
Hunter Bennett, John Arnold, Max Martin, Kevin Norton, Kade Davison
Effective exercise prescription plays an integral role in the resistance training process, allowing the appropriate development of muscular strength, power and endurance. Further tailoring this prescription to meet the specific needs of an individual has been shown to enhance the development of these qualities (Jiménez-Reyes, Samozino, Brughelli, & Morin, 2017), while also demonstrating improved functional outcomes in performance and rehabilitation scenarios (Lord et al., 2005; Stanek, Dodd, Kelly, Wolfe, & Swenson, 2017).