China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Ablation therapy
Published in Riadh Habash, BioElectroMagnetics, 2020
A new therapeutic modality called electrochemotherapy is starting to be used to treat a variety of cutaneous tumors, including head and neck tumors, superficial breast cancer lesions, etc. In this therapy, the resistance of malignant cells to penetration by certain chemotherapeutic agents is temporarily lowered by creating temporary pores in the membranes of the malignant cells by the application of short DC pulses that generate electric fields of several kilovolts per centimeter. Once the cells are porated, the chemotherapeutic agents can enter the malignant cells and destroy them. Electrochemotherapy can not only increase the efficacy of certain chemotherapeutic agents, but it can also reduce side-effects, because malignant cells can be destroyed with much lower doses of chemotherapeutic agents than with conventional chemotherapy [228].
EM behavior when the wavelength is large compared to the object size
Published in James R. Nagel, Cynthia M. Furse, Douglas A. Christensen, Carl H. Durney, Basic Introduction to Bioelectromagnetics, 2018
James R. Nagel, Cynthia M. Furse, Douglas A. Christensen, Carl H. Durney
PEMFs are also used for a wide variety of needleless drug delivery applications. Iontophoresis is a method to electrically force drugs across a transdermal interface using a relatively small voltage (0.1–10 V) across the skin boundary. This method appears not to create structural changes in the cells or the skin, but rather just creates ion pathways that a conductive fluid (drug) will follow through preexisting aqueous pathways. At present, a limited number of drugs can be delivered in this method. This method has been extended to a relatively new cancer treatment called electrochemotherapy, which has been used for a variety of cutaneous tumors, including head and neck tumors, melanomas, superficial breast cancer lesions, and so on. In this therapy, the resistance of malignant cells to penetration by certain chemotherapeutic agents is temporarily lowered by electroporation, which creates temporary pores (pathways) in the membranes of the malignant cells by the application of short DC pulses that generate electric fields of several kilovolts per centimeter. Once the cells are porated, the chemotherapeutic agents can enter the malignant cells and destroy them. Electrochemotherapy can not only increase the efficacy of certain chemotherapeutic agents but also reduce side effects because malignant cells can be destroyed with much lower doses of chemotherapeutic agents than with conventional systemic chemotherapy. This method is fundamentally different from hyperthermia (heating) combined with chemotherapy, which is described in Chapter 6.
Focal therapy for localized cancer: a patent review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Jette Bloemberg, Luigi Van Riel, Dimitra Dodou, Paul Breedveld
Reversible electroporation is able to cause cell death by increasing the membrane permeability to enable access to a cytotoxic agent (electrochemotherapy) [136]. The electrodes and the cytotoxic agent can be co-positioned [137,138] or introduced separately [139]. IRE can be enhanced by systemically administered nanoparticles that increase the treatment area or the cancer cell selectivity [140,141], magneto-electric nanoparticles responsive to magnetic fields [142], or a conductive fluid [143,144].