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The Complexity of the Product and HOQs
Published in Paul G. Cafaro, Freedom within a Framework, 2020
A complex product is primarily a combination of subsystems assembled together. Our body is a fitting example of a very complex system. We have many subsystems, and each one has a specific task. For example, the cardiovascular system has a beating heart that moves the vital blood around our entire body to maintain life on all the cells it touches. The digestive system helps break down food to its chemical components to provide nutrients to the body’s cells to promote energy, growth, and healing. These two, combined with the many other systems our body has, work in harmony creating a network of interdependent relationships to keep us healthy and alive. Because of the complexity of each of the human being’s subsystem, the field of medicine has specialized on each one of these areas to clearly understand those subsections. We will use this same thinking, applying the expertise and understanding to connect the subsystems with the whole.
Biological effects of radiation
Published in Alan Martin, Sam Harbison, Karen Beach, Peter Cole, An Introduction to Radiation Protection, 2018
Alan Martin, Sam Harbison, Karen Beach, Peter Cole
The digestive system consists of the oesophagus, the stomach and the small intestine, which in turn is connected to the large intestine. Food taken in by the mouth is converted into a form suitable for the production of heat and energy, and the molecules necessary for the growth and repair of tissues. The large molecules in the food are broken down by enzymes in the digestive tract before being absorbed into the bloodstream and passed via the liver to the tissues. The unabsorbed food, together with bacteria and cells shed from the intestine wall, is passed out as solid waste (faeces). Liquid waste (the waste products of cells dissolved in water) is excreted from the body via the kidneys and bladder as urine.
The Amazing Architecture of the Human Immune System
Published in Rocky Dr. Termanini, The Nano Age of Digital Immunity Infrastructure Fundamentals and Applications, 2018
The digestive system consists of a series of connected organs that, together, allow the body to break down and absorb food, and remove waste. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. The liver and pancreas also play a role in the digestive system because they produce digestive juices. The entire system—from mouth to anus—is about 30 feet (9 meters) long.
Detection and classification of gastrointestinal disease using convolutional neural network and SVM
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Melaku Bitew Haile, Ayodeji Olalekan Salau, Belay Enyew, Abebech Jenber Belay
The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract and other organs which help the body to break down and absorb food. The gastrointestinal tract may be affected by a variety of diseases which affect its functionality. The domain of gastrointestinal endoscopy includes the endoscopic diagnosis of various digestive diseases using image analysis and various devices. Endoscopy is currently the preferred method for examining the gastrointestinal tract; however, previous studies have shown that there is a need for improvement as some classes are more difficult to identify than others. In this study, we proposed a concatenated neural network model by concatenating the extracted features of VGGNet and InceptionNet networks to develop a gastrointestinal disease diagnosis model. The deep convolutional neural networks VGGNet and InceptionNet are trained and used to extract features from the given endoscopy images. The proposed model achieves a classification accuracy of 98% and Matthews’s Correlation Coefficient of 97.8%, which is a significant improvement over previous techniques and other neural network architectures.
Particulate systems from maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) wastes to be used as nutraceutics or high value-added ingredients
Published in Drying Technology, 2022
Paula Sette, Francisco Garrido Makinistian, Carmen Maturano, Daniela Salvatori
On the other hand, fruit pomace is also high in cell wall polysaccharides (e.g., cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin) and lignin that constitute a dietary fiber source, which has beneficial physiological effects on health.[9–11] Dietary fiber promotes better functioning of the digestive system, and reduces the occurrence of obesity, hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, constipation, coronary heart disease, and colon cancer.[10,12–14] Furthermore, dietary fiber is divided into soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) according to the water solubility,[14] which have different techno-functional properties when used as ingredients in different technological processes. For this reason, it is necessary to characterize and to know the hydration and the fat absorption properties of the new fibers used as ingredients for the development of fiber-enriched products.[12,14]
Standardization of life-cycle performance evaluation and application to suspension bridge with multiple pylons
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2020
Airong Chen, Dalei Wang, Rujin Ma, Zichao Pan
In medical science, for example, the human organism is divided into several systems, such as the circulatory system, respiratory system, and digestive system, each of which contains multiple organs. For instance, the digestive system includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestine, etc. Each organ can be further subdivided into several tissues, such as epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nerve tissue, and each tissue can be divided into various types of cells. Therefore, the human organism can be divided into a hierarchy of levels with the structure of system, organ, tissue, and cell. By analogy, the long-span bridge can also be divided into a hierarchy of levels with a structure of system (cable bearing system), component (cables, suspenders, etc.), part (anchorage devices, steel wires, sheaths, etc.), and smaller part on different levels.