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Pressure Sensitivity of ANME-3 Predominant Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Community from Coastal Marine Lake Grevelingen Sediment
Published in Chiara Cassarini, Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to the Reduction of Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptors in Bioreactors, 2019
A shift from sulfate reducers (e.g. Desulfobacterales) to sulfur reducers (e.g. Desulforomonadales) were observed in the bacterial community from low to high CH4 partial pressure (Figure 4.6). Sulfur reducing bacteria, e.g. Desulfovibrio or Desulforomonas, are more abundant at high CH4 partial pressure (10, 20, 40 MPa), sulfate reducing DBB are more abundant in the incubations at lower CH4 total pressure (Figure 4.7) are more abundant in the incubations at lower CH4 partial pressure, where they were present in ANME-DBB aggregates and had the highest AOM-SR rates (Figures 4.2 and 4.4).
Bacterial diversity of heavy crude oil based mud samples near Omani oil wells
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2021
Abdullah Al-Sayegh, Yahya Al-Wahaibi, Sanket J. Joshi, Saif Al-Bahry, Abdulkadir Elshafie, Ali Al-Bemani
It is advocated to properly study and evaluate the environmental impact and the extent of pollution caused by oil based mud generated from oil well drilling operations on the environment and the personnel (Daae et al. 2019). Almudhhi (2016) assessed the environmental impact of disposal oil based mud waste in Kuwait, and reported it to be insignificant, but stressed to have a better method of disposal to prevent any possible harm to the environment. We studied bacterial population from heavy oil contaminated oil based mud, for possible environmental bioremediation applications. In this study, Proteobacteria dominated in sample S43 (55%) while Firmicutes dominated in samples S41, S42 and S44 ranging from 30.5% to 35.7%. Excluding sample S43, Proteobacteria was the following dominating group with percentages ranging from 26.95–29.98%. The calculated Shannon-Wiener (H) and Simpson’s (D) indices were H = 1.69 ± 0.21 (1.91, 1.73, 1.40 and 1.71 from S41 to S44, respectively), and D = 0.27 ± 0.07 (0.23, 0.24, 0.37 and 0.23 from S41 to S44, respectively). The most abundant and diverse class within the Proteobacteria was Deltaproteobacteria, followed by Gamma-, Alpha-, Beta- and Epsilonproteobacteria. The Deltaproteobacteria class mainly contained Desulfovibrionales (5.5%–10.1%) and Desulfobacterales (9.9%–44.1%) orders. This is mainly because of the anaerobic conditions (below surface) of which the samples were taken from and due to the heavy nature of the crude oil that contained sulfur. Bacteria of the orders Desulfovibrionales and Desulfobacterales are strictly anaerobic, chemoorganotrophic or chemolithoheterotrophic that grow by respiratory metabolism; their usual end byproducts H2, acetate and sulfide. The common electron acceptor is sulfate, which is reduced to sulfide (Kuever, Rainey, and Widdel 2005). Alpha-, Beta-, and Gammaproteobacteria are known to contain members that are able to degrade aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons (Abed, Al-Kindi, and Al-Kharusi 2015). Within the Gammaproteobacteria class, genera that potentially contain aerobic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the samples were Acinetobacter (from 0.1% to 0.2%), Marinobacter (from 0.4% to 0.8%), and Pseudomonas (from 0.2% to 0.3%).