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Visual psychophysics and color appearance
Published in Sharma Gaurav, Digital Color Imaging Handbook, 2017
Garrett M. Johnson, Mark D. Fairchild
Light adaptation is the decrease in visual sensitivity as a function of the overall amount of illumination. Essentially, the more light illuminating a scene, the less sensitive the human visual system becomes to light. This is a very common occurrence. Imagine going to an afternoon cinema matinee. When leaving the darkened theatre into the sunny afternoon light, your visual system is often shocked — sometimes even to the point of physical pain. It is very difficult to see anything for a few moments, and then your visual system adjusts so that you can see objects normally. Dark adaptation is the opposite; the human visual system becomes more sensitive to light as the overall amount of illumination decreases. This can be thought of as walking from the sunny afternoon light into a darkened theatre and struggling to find your seat. After several minutes, objects become recognizable as your visual system adapts.
Visual changes with aging
Published in Pablo Artal, Handbook of Visual Optics, 2017
Dark adaptation represents the ability of the visual system to adjust sensitivity when ambient light levels change from bright light (photopic) to low light (scotopic) conditions. Measurement of dark adaptation is therefore an important clinical tool for the assessment of change in visual sensitivity over time in the dark and is commonly used to assess retinal photoreceptor function. A variety of techniques are available to measure dark adaptation, but the most common approach is to assess sensitivity over time following an initial photobleach exposure, using an achromatic stimulus, either at the fovea or around 5°–12° from the fovea (Jackson et al. 1999, Dimitrov et al. 2008, Owsley et al. 2014).
Display Optimization and Human Factors
Published in Paolo Russo, Handbook of X-ray Imaging, 2017
The pupil is important, as it controls the amount of light entering the eye, contracting in bright light and dilating in low light, in a process called adaptation. Adaptation (aka, dark adaptation) is important, as it impacts contrast sensitivity or the ability to detect differences in scene/image luminance (or color) corresponding to different objects in the scene. In radiology, dark adaptation is influenced by the overall ambient light settings, the display luminance, and the image on the display. There is significant evidence (Brennan et al. 2007) that ambient room light settings do impact lesion detection accuracy—they cannot be set too high or too low.
Depth perception, dark adaptation, vigilance and accident proneness of Chinese coal mine workers
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2018
Mingming Deng, Alan H. S. Chan, Feng Wu, Linyan Sun
Dark adaptation is the ability of the eye to recover its sensitivity in the dark after exposure to bright lights.[15] Kowalski-Trakoxer et al. [16] pointed out that, in general, older people suffer a loss of contrast sensitivity, a decrease in dark adaptation ability and a decline in color sensitivity. Maija et al. [17] indicated that abnormalities in binocularity and depth perception, dark adaptation, contrast sensitivity, glare sensitivity or color vision are all problems that could possibly increase the risk of traffic accidents. Zhang et al. [18] studied a technical test of dark adaptation for drivers and showed significant differences of dark adaptation ability between accident and non-accident groups. In the coal mine environment, the dark adaptation ability is very important to reading information; in particular the warning signs which are usually printed in red-colored words.[7] However, no studies have reported the relationship between the dark adaptation ability of coal mine workers and work safety.