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Invasive sealing of vulnerable, high-risk lesions
Published in Yoshinobu Onuma, Patrick W.J.C. Serruys, Bioresorbable Scaffolds, 2017
Christos V. Bourantas, Ryo Torri, Nicolas Foin, Ajay Suri, Erhan Tenekecioglu, Vikas Thondapu, Tom Crake, Peter Barlis, Patrick W.J.C. Serruys
Pioneering histology-based studies performed at the beginning of the last century have demonstrated that the culprit lesions responsible for sudden death have specific morphological characteristics [1–4]. More recently, Davies and Thomas have shown that plaque disruption was the main cause of coronary thrombosis and is associated with crescendo angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden death [5,6]. These landmark studies have attracted attention and efforts were made to identify features associated with plaque vulnerability. Today it is known that the high-risk lesions have a specific phenotype called thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) that exhibits an increased plaque burden, with a necrotic core that is covered by a thin fibrous cap and is rich in macrophages [7–10]. More recent evidence has shown that vulnerable lesions also have micro-calcifications and are rich in neo-vessels and cholesterol crystals [11–13].
Flying and Health
Published in Roger G Green, Helen Muir, Melanie James, David Gradwell, Roger L Green, Human Factors for Pilots, 2017
Roger G Green, Helen Muir, Melanie James, David Gradwell, Roger L Green
If a coronary artery suddenly blocks (usually due to a clot or 'thrombus' forming in an already compromised vessel - hence 'coronary thrombosis') the effects are more dramatic, often with sudden severe chest pain, collapse, and sometimes complete stopping of the heart. This cardiac arrest is rapidly fatal if not reversed by some form of resuscitation. Even if this extreme stage is avoided a sudden blockage with interruption of blood supply leads to the death of an area of heart muscle - so-called 'infarction' - so the other term used for such an attack is myocardial infarction.
Muscle strength explains the protective effect of physical activity against COVID-19 hospitalization among adults aged 50 years and older
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Silvio Maltagliati, Stefan Sieber, Philippe Sarrazin, Stéphane Cullati, Aïna Chalabaev, Grégoire P. Millet, Matthieu P. Boisgontier, Boris Cheval
We included three covariates related to participants sociodemographic characteristics: Age (in 2020, when answering to the SHARE COVID-19 questionnaire), height, and sex (male, female). Height was adjusted to ensure that the associations between muscle strength and COVID-19 would not simply reflect differences in height (Wearing et al., 2018). We also included eight covariates related to the previously established risk factors for COVID-19 hospitalisation: higher body mass index (BMI), cardiovascular disease (heart attack, including myocardial infarction or coronary thrombosis or any other cardiovascular problem including congestive heart failure, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure or hypertension, stroke or cerebral vascular disease), diabetes, cancers, chronic kidney disease, rheumatoid arthritis, respiratory disease, and muscle strength.
Durable polymer everolimus-eluting stents: history, current status and future prospects
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Juan J. Rodríguez-Arias, Luis Ortega-Paz, Salvatore Brugaletta
The first angioplasties were stent-free and were called POBA, not so old at the time. The absence of a structure working as a vessel scaffold resulted in elastic recoil of the coronary artery in 5 to 10% of the patients in the hours following the procedure. Furthermore, intimal lesion with exposure of the endothelial matrix led to coronary thrombosis and arterial media smooth cell necrosis resulting in artery restenosis [4,5].