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Yeast as Source for Therapeutic and Diagnostic Proteins
Published in Yoshikatsu Murooka, Tadayuki Imanaka, Recombinant Microbes for Industrial and Agricultural Applications, 2020
Annie De Baetselier-Van Broekhoven
The AMinked addition of oligosaccharides in yeast and mammalian cells is more conserved. In addition to sharing the same signal (Asn-X-Ser/Thr), an identical core oligosaccharide unit, consisting of two TV-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), nine mannose (Man), and three glucose residues, is added in the endoplasmic reticulum. The latter unit is subsequently trimmed, involving the removal of the three glucose and one mannose residue. Further processing of the core oligosaccharide unit takes place in the Golgi and, at this stage, the yeast glycosylation pathway diverges from that of mammals. In animal cells, further mannose residues are removed and additional residues, such as TV-acetylglucosamine, galactose, fucose, and sialic acid, may be added, generating high-mannose, hybrid-type, and complex-type oligosaccharide structures (Fig. 4). However, in yeast, the oligosaccharide chains are elongated through stepwise addition of mannose, leading to complex high-mannose outer-chain structures, sometimes containing more than 50 mannose monomers (see Fig. 4).
Quantitative assessment of LPS-HBsAg interaction by introducing a novel application of immunoaffinity chromatography
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Alireza Kavianpour, Mohsen Ashjari, Seyed Nezamedin Hosseini, Maryam Khatami
LPS, a negatively charged amphipathic molecule, is composed of three main parts: serological part O-antigen, interstitial core oligosaccharide, and phosphorylated lipid A as the biological active part of the molecule (Figure 1).[24,25] O-antigen and lipid A are the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts of the LPS molecule.[26] The molecular structure and chemical features of LPS imply that it has the tendency to interact with biomolecules.[6,27] Furthermore, LPS monomers reversibly interact with each other to form micelles and supramolecular vesicles, particularly in aqueous media.[24] Therefore, a wide range of 10–1000 kDa has been reported as the equilibrium states of LPS structures.[28]