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Joint-Articulating Surface Motion
Published in Joseph D. Bronzino, Donald R. Peterson, Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals, 2019
Kenton R. Kaufman and Kai-Nan An
FIGURE 10.23 (a) A plot of the tips of the acromion and coracoid process on roentgenograms taken at successive intervals of arm elevation in the scapular plane shows upward movement of the coracoid and only a slight shi in the acromion relative to the glenoid face. is nding demonstrates twisting, or external rotation, of the scapula about the x-axis. (b) A lateral view of the scapula during this motion would show the coracoid process moving upward while the acromion remains on the same horizontal plane as the glenoid. (From Poppen N.K. and Walker P.S. 1976. J. Bone Joint Surg. 58A: 195. With permission.)
Designing for Upper Torso and Arm Anatomy
Published in Karen L. LaBat, Karen S. Ryan, Human Body, 2019
The other bone of the pectoral girdle, the scapula, is relatively triangular in shape with a prominent ridge, the spine of the scapula, palpable from the body surface (refer to Figure 4.17). Several other features are located at the upper lateral angle of the scapula: the acromion, the coracoid process, and between these two structures, the glenoid fossa. The glenoid fossa is a key structure in the glenohumeral joint, the articulation between the arm and the scapula. The scapula curves to approximate the shape of the rib cage.
Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics
Published in Emeric Arus, Biomechanics of Human Motion, 2017
Musculus coracobrachialis is situated medial from the short head of the biceps brachii. Insertion: The origin insertion is through its tendon on the coracoid process of the scapula. This insertion is shared with the short head of the biceps brachii. Muscular fascicles descend and insert distally on the median and middle part of the humerus.
The throwing shoulder in youth elite handball: adaptions of inferior but not anterior capsule thickness differ between the two sexes
Published in Research in Sports Medicine, 2023
Moritz T. Winkelmann, Leonard Achenbach, Florian Zeman, Lior Laver, Sven S. Walter
External and internal rotation were determined by two further examiners using a manual goniometer (Andersson et al., 2018; Asker et al., 2018). All athletes were in supine position with the shoulder at 90° abduction and the elbow at 90° flexion. One examiner was retaining the scapula while rotating the player’s glenohumeral joint. The thumb of the examiner was positioned on the coracoid process and the other four fingers on the acromial spine. A second examiner measured the glenohumeral joint with a manual goniometer weighing 2 kg to support the vertical alignment of the goniometer reference arm (Achenbach, Laver et al., 2019). Anatomical reference points for the goniometer were the tip of the olecranon and the ulnar styloid process. If required, a towel was put beneath the upper arm to support the horizontal alignment of the humerus.
Prevalence of scapular dyskinesis in office workers with neck and scapular pain
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Mantana Vongsirinavarat, Sukhon Wangbunkhong, Prasert Sakulsriprasert, Haruthai Petviset
SD was hypothesized to affect cervical function by inducing disturbances of the scapular muscles. The load on the cervical spine is predisposed by the altered movements and flexibility of the muscles attached to the cervical spine, specifically the hyperactivity of the upper trapezius (UT) and levator scapulae (LS) muscles. This loading continues to increase the mechanical loading in the cervical spine, causing neck pain [6,15]. These inflexible muscles are also reported to be associated with altered posture and SD. Tightness in the pectoralis minor (PM) and short head of the biceps muscles could result in increased scapular anterior tilt and protraction from increased pulling forces on the coracoid process [16,17]. Individuals with shorter lengths of the PM and UT muscles were found to have a greater risk of SD [16]. Moreover, the alterations of activation and strength of the serratus anterior (SA), middle trapezius (MT) and lower trapezius (LT) muscles could affect the loads and movements of other muscles [18].
Stemless total shoulder arthroplasty in elderly patients with primary osteoarthritis of shoulder – a developing country experience
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Vishwajeet Singh, Sanjay S Desai
All the patients were operated in beach chair position once regional block was given followed by Sedation or GA (general anesthesia). The incision starts above the coracoid process and terminates above the insertion of the pectoralis major on the shaft of the humerus. The cephalic vein is mobilized laterally with deltoid muscle, and conjoint tendon is protected. A retractor is placed under CA (coracoacromial ligament) to protect it and provide exposure to superior aspect of subscapularis, and the humerus. Subscapularis is cut at 5 mm from insertion over lesser tuberosity and secured using number 2 fiberwire. Capsular release is done at anterior and inferior levels. The axillary nerve is secured and protected. The humerus is gently dislocated from the glenoid. The arm is held in 90° of external rotation, 20° −30° of extension, and adducted against the operating room table.