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Gene Therapy for Retina and Eye Diseases
Published in Yashwant V. Pathak, Gene Delivery Systems, 2022
Glaucoma leads to the development of permanent blindness. Initially, the retinal nerve and optic nerve are damaged, causing optic neuropathy. Intraocular pressure management may provide therapeutic relief. The drainage angle formed by the cornea and iris divide glaucoma into open-angle and angle-closure forms. Congenital glaucoma is a birth defect (50).
Do visual fields need to be considered in classification criteria within visually impaired shooting?
Published in Journal of Sports Sciences, 2021
Keziah Latham, David L. Mann, Rebecca Dolan, Joy Myint, Matthew A. Timmis, Donghyun Ryu, Steven Frisson, Peter M. Allen
No VF equipment was available at the event in Austria to assess the six athletes shooting here. Five athletes provided VF data from previous classification, which dated from 2014. For these athletes with non-contemporaneous VF, causes of visual loss were congenital optic nerve disorder, congenital glaucoma (two athletes), cataract with nystagmus, and Retinitis Pigmentosa. Whilst these conditions were self-reported as stable by the athletes, there is the possibility that the VF may have changed between the VF test in 2014 and the shooting data collection in 2017. From the classification data of athletes shooting in Austria, a full field plot only was available for three athletes (an HFA FF120, and two kinetic plots (one Goldmann, one Octopus)), and two athletes provided both central (30–2) and full field (FF120) plots. One further athlete (with a congenital optic nerve disorder) had Henson 30–2 VF data collected at a previous event in 2015.
Agreement of white-to-white measurements with the IOLMaster 700, Atlas 9000, and Sirius systems
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2018
Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, José J. Esteve-Taboada, Noelia Martínez-Albert, José F. Alfonso, Robert Montés-Micó
The white-to-white (WTW) corneal diameter is defined by the horizontal distance between the borders of the corneal limbus [5]. The WTW distance has been traditionally used in the diagnosis of some ocular conditions, such as congenital glaucoma or micro- and mega-locornea [6]. However, the measurement of the WTW distance is also needed, for instance, for proper calculations in IOL implantation for cataract surgery (third-generation formulas) [7], and pIOL implantation for refractive improvement [8,9]. All the available techniques for the measurement of WTW distances can be divided into two main groups [10]: manual techniques, as for instance, surgical calipers, corneal gauges, or scales in slit-lamps ocular rings, and automated techniques, for example, ultrasonic biomicroscopy, optical coherence tomography, direct imaging techniques, or magnetic resonance imaging. Automated measurements provide more precise results than manual techniques [11].
Identification of disease genes and assessment of eye-related diseases caused by disease genes using JMFC and GDLNN
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Samar Jyoti Saikia, S. R. Nirmala
Subsequent to the triumphant sequencing of human as well as non-human genomes, the medicine is developing quickly in genomic medicine (Horowitz et al. 2019; Jimenez et al. 2020) discipline, which consecutively brings about the outdating of traditional diagnostics and therapeutics, along with prognostics in patients. In brief, recent advancement in genomics has brought about the identification of new genes and variants accountable for a host of inherited together with inflammatory diseases in ophthalmology specialty (Singh and Tyagi 2018). To enhance the awareness concerning disease mechanisms as well as to get better clinical methodologies, it is important to identify the disease genes correctly, which has to turn into a major issue (Murugesan and Balamurugan 2019). Genetic diseases are usually split into ‘2’ sorts: i) single-gene and ii) complex disorder. A single-gene (monogenic) disorder (Vidal et al. 2019) happens as a direct effect of a solo mutation in the structure of the DNA, bringing about a single fundamental defect with pathologic consequences. The complex disorder does not encompass a distinct inheritance pattern, which makes it harder to ascertain their characteristics than single-gene disorders (Yang 2017). In a true sense, advancements have made a huge effect on the comprehending of the genetic base of structural in addition to functional defects together with disease mechanisms underlying eye diseases. Around 60 (%) of cases of child blindness are caused via genetic factors (congenital glaucoma [Singh and Tyagi 2018], ocular malformations [Jubair et al. 2019], optic nerve’s atrophy [Samuelov et al. 2019] and also retinitis pigmentosa).