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Evolution and Results of Biological Research with Low-Intensity Nonionizing Radiation
Published in Andrew A. Marino, Modern Bioelectricity, 2020
One other line of study that derived in part from the RF hearing work has significant medical implications, The pattern of clinical reports from the Soviet Union, as well as some observations by me and others in this country, suggest that a small percentage of people may incur what is called closed head injury as a result of exposure to RF radiation, This type of injury has sometimes been referred to as “post-concussive syndrome.” Closed head injury may not show up in neurologic examinations such as CAT scans or EEGs because they are not appropriate tests of the functions affected, But such head injury is shown by clear-cut behavioral changes which include reduced attention span, impaired complex information processing, memory disturbance, and personality changes such as increased emotional lability, irritability, anxiety, and depression.
Cognitive technologies
Published in Alex Mihailidis, Roger Smith, Rehabilitation Engineering, 2023
A blunt head trauma, or closed head injury, describes an injury to the head that does not result in an open wound. Concussions (when the brain bounces against the skull), hematomas (brain bruises or bleeding), and traumatic brain injuries are all types of closed head injuries. The severity and type of cognitive impairment caused by closed head injuries depend on where and how the brain was struck (Quayle, Holmes, & Kuppermann, 2014).
Shared e-scooter rider safety behaviour and injury outcomes: a review of studies in the United States
Published in Transport Reviews, 2023
Emma G. P. Sexton, Katherine J. Harmon, Rebecca L. Sanders, Nitesh R. Shah, Meg Bryson, Charles T. Brown, Christopher R. Cherry
The most common injuries due to e-scooter-related incidents are head and upper extremity injuries, primarily fractures. A study of NEISS data from 2013 through 2017 found that the most common injury area for e-scooter injuries was the head (28% of all injuries). The most frequent diagnoses were fractures or dislocations (26% of injuries, with the lower arm and wrist being the most common fracture location) (Aizpuru et al., 2019). Similar results were found in a study of NEISS data from 2013 to 2018 (Navarro et al., 2022). In a study of emergency department records, Trivedi et al. (2019) reported that 40% of patients had head injuries (95% of those were without major complications, such as intracranial haemorrhage). In addition, Trivedi et al. (2019) reported that 32% of patients were diagnosed with fractures, primarily to the lower arm and wrist. Kobayashi et al. (2019) also found a high frequency of fractures among admitted patients, with 42% of patients sustaining fractures to the extremities and 26% to the face. A recent study involving emergency department records found 10% of injured riders were diagnosed with a closed head injury (Williams et al., 2022). An examination of 990 NEISS records involving craniofacial injuries reported from 2008 through 2017 found that the most common injuries reported were closed head injuries (36%), lacerations (21%), and concussions (14%), with craniofacial fractures accounting for only 5% of injuries sustained (Bresler et al., 2019). Another NEISS study found that 54% and 27% of e-scooter injuries were soft tissue injuries (e.g. sprains) and fractures, respectively; however, this study was performed from 2000 to 2017, prior to widespread scooter sharing (DiMaggio et al., 2020).