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Hybrid Nanogenerators
Published in Inamuddin, Mohd Imran Ahamed, Rajender Boddula, Tariq Altalhi, Nanogenerators, 2023
Jocelyne Estrella-Nuñez, Francisco García-Salinas, Moises Bustamante-Torres, Jorge Cárdenas-Gamboa, Emilio Bucio Carrillo
The circulatory system consists of blood, the heart, and lymphatic vessels (Carlson, 2019). During an inefficient function from any of these circulatory parts, surgery is an optimal pathway to solve that concern. Electronic implants are commonly used to treat adverse effects in the circulatory system. However, these electronic devices must be replaced after a certain time, because of the battery lifetime, through surgery. Hence, NGs are a suitable solution, because they can detect and subsequently harvest the mechanical vibrations of heartbeats, cardiovascular fluids, or sound waves.
A Deep Learning and Multilayer Neural Network Approach for Coronary Heart Disease Detection
Published in Neeraj Mohan, Surbhi Gupta, Chuan-Ming Liu, Society 5.0 and the Future of Emerging Computational Technologies, 2022
Seema Rani, Neeraj Mohan, Surbhi Gupta, Priyanka Kaushal, Amit Wason
The heart is a hollow muscle organ used to pump blood through the circulatory system by repeated contraction and dilation. We can also describe the heart as a combination of nerves and muscles used to pump blood in the human body. The heart renders approximately 50% of the cardiac myocytes (Steinhauser 2011). Unexpected death may be the outcome of several defects or failures of the heart, such as myocardial infarction, when the cardiac muscle is permanently damaged. Myocardial infarction is made of three words: “myo,” meaning muscle; “cardial,” meaning heart and “infarction,” meaning the death of nerves because of blood-supply deficiencies.
Toxic Responses of the Blood
Published in Stephen K. Hall, Joana Chakraborty, Randall J. Ruch, Chemical Exposure and Toxic Responses, 2020
The circulatory system is the transport system that supplies substances absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and oxygen to the tissues, returns carbon dioxide to the lungs and other products of metabolism to the kidneys, functions in the regulation of body temperature, and distributes hormones and other agents that regulate cell function. The cellular elements of the blood—red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets—are suspended in plasma. The normal total circulating blood volume is about 8% of the body weight, or 5600 mL in a 70-kg man. About 55% of this volume is plasma.
Mixed convective flow of blood biofluids containing magnetite ferroparticles past a vertical flat plate: shapes-based analysis
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Abdullah Dawar, Saeed Islam, Asifa Tassaddiq, Zahir Shah, Wejdan Deebani, Amjid Rashid
The blood circulatory system, which is made up of an opaque network of blood vessels, is responsible for transporting important nutrients and oxygen to the body’s active tissues as well as removing waste materials. The transmission of ions, cells, gases, and macromolecules between both the blood and tissue is handled by this system. Blood flow dynamics have an important role in the onset and development of cardiovascular illnesses. Hardening of the arteries is defined as the accumulation of macrophage low-density lipoproteins (LDL), white blood cells, and cholesterol on the arterial wall of blood vessels, resulting in a significant decrease in the area of the blood vessel and leading to cardiovascular disorders. In many countries presently, this disease is mainly the result of deaths. The blood flow simulation has become widely employed in recent decades to better recognize a variety of ailments, either to advance the prevailing approaches or to develop the novel therapeutic ways. Hemodynamic influences are the most important variables in this stiffening, and they are thought to be the cause of plaque, which particularly affects blood circulation. The blood flow properties of an artery can be altered by various arterial disorders such as stenosis or aneurysm. The formation of stenosis in an artery results in serious scenarios such as increased resistance and reduced blood flow to the body’s various organs, which can result in serious arterial problems inside the human body. Concerning the need for life science issues over the years, a large number of mathematical models [33–38] for blood flow through arteries with or without stenosis have been examined, defining several viewpoints in the area of arterial biomechanics.
Unsteady biomedical investigation of nano-fluid flow via a bent stenosed blood vessel (with aneurysm) using the Sisko model
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
The cardiovascular system – sometimes also called the circulatory system – comprises a complex system of vessels spread across the human body, and the heart pumps in/out blood into the vessels. These vessels consist of countless arteries, veins, and tiny capillaries, which receive oxygenated blood containing various nutrients & hormones required for human survival. Simultaneously, the human cells put metabolic waste products like Carbon Dioxide (CO2) into the blood which returns them through the veins and heart into the lungs for disposal. In this way, the cardiovascular system maintains blood inside every body cell to allow it to survive [1]. However, in some situations, an atypical narrowing of the blood vessels occurs due to the amassing of redundant fatty deposits within the lumen. This narrowing of vessels is known as stenosis, which takes place in the lesion of vessel walls. In some other cases, these deposits ensue in the bulging of vessel walls, which are called aneurysms. Commonly, both stenosis and aneurysms coexist inside the vessel walls and contribute to their increased volume sizes with the passage of time. It is now acknowledged through recent literature that the advancement in the size of stenosis is tightly related to the malfunctions in the blood transport to various body parts. It is also evident that the rate of blood flow is highly influenced in smaller arteries due to the presence of the shear stress of the wall that leads to the constriction formations or bulging inside the vessel walls. Moore et al. [2] pointed out that the enlargement of post-stenotic or aneurysm normally occurs in the coronary arteries. Later, Sultan et al. [3] discussed the simultaneous effect of aneurysms and stenosis in a curved channel. Based on this discussion, it is evident that the behavior of blood flow is affected in an artery by stenosis or aneurysm and, therefore, should be further explored. The experimental data reveal that most of the malfunctions that occurred in the cardiovascular system are normally located in an unbent channel. Therefore, this work is devoted to exploring the hemodynamic effects on the flow of blood through a curved stenosed vessel.