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Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Retinal Fundus Images
Published in de Azevedo-Marques Paulo Mazzoncini, Mencattini Arianna, Salmeri Marcello, Rangayyan Rangaraj M., Medical Image Analysis and Informatics: Computer-Aided Diagnosis and Therapy, 2018
Faraz Oloumi, Rangaraj M. Rangayyan, Anna L. Ells
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex disease that affects the process of development of the retina and retinal vasculature in preterm infants. ROP has been identified as the leading cause of preventable childhood blindness [1]; it is estimated that at least 50,000 children worldwide are suffering from blindness caused by ROP [2]. Based on a study conducted in 1993 in the U.S., it was reported that there are about 30,000 preterm babies born each year with a birth weight of 500–1249 g, out of whom 1000 are estimated to progress to a level of ROP that requires treatment (threshold ROP) [3]. An analysis [4] of a New York state patient database over a four-year span indicated that the incidence of ROP among newborn infants was 1 in 511. An incidence of 81.5% of any stage of ROP was reported by Gunn et al. [5] in premature infants 23–25.6 weeks of gestational age (GA), based on a screening study conducted over an 18-year period in Australia.
Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Published in Nedunchezhian Raju, M. Rajalakshmi, Dinesh Goyal, S. Balamurugan, Ahmed A. Elngar, Bright Keswani, Empowering Artificial Intelligence Through Machine Learning, 2022
The disease “childhood blindness” scientifically known as retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) caused due to abnormal growth of blood vessel near retina; in premature babies, the light-sensitive portion in the back of an eye is a common condition.
Use of XyCAM RI for Noninvasive Visualization and Analysis of Retinal Blood Flow Dynamics During Clinical Investigations
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Delia Cabrera DeBuc, Abhishek Rege, William E. Smiddy
As a new technology, there is more work to be done to fully evaluate the role and performance of the XyCAM RI in a variety of settings. Clinical studies to understand the variation of XyCAM RI data in health and disease are ongoing. The most immediate application of XyCAM RI would seem to be for assessing blood flow in retinal vascular disorders, most immediately in diabetic retinopathy. The identification of disease at an earlier stage is important for mitigating or preventing irreversible disease, such as in ischemic injury. Currently, ophthalmoscopy and even static perfusion imaging only detect relatively advanced tissue damage. The potential to be able to identify defects before this stage could be sight-saving on a large scale. The ability to obtain video data from multiple fields of view that can be montaged to visualize and compare blood flow status over a field of view that exceeds the seven field ETDRS standard makes it further suitable for investigations on diabetic retinopathy which is known to reveal early biomarkers in the retinal periphery. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a condition that affects prematurely born neonates and the number one cause for childhood blindness, could be another application for which blood flow patterns in the peripheral retina may be worth investigating. Likewise, blood flow in the optic disc and macula may reveal clues pertaining to the pathogenesis and staging of glaucomatous disc changes.