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Modeling in Cellular Biomechanics
Published in Joseph D. Bronzino, Donald R. Peterson, Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals, 2019
Alexander A. Spector and Roger Tran-Son-Tay
Purely elastic or viscoelastic models treat the cellular material as a single phase. While the cell has several components, its content can be treated as a biphasic medium where one (solid) phase is associated with the cytoskeleton, and the other (uid) is related to the cytoplasm. is approach can be further developed to include more phases important to the cell behavior, such as triphasic (solid-uid-ion) models of cell mechanics (Guilak et al., 2006).
Modeling and Analysis of the Cellular Mechanics Involved in the Pathophysiology of Disease/Injury
Published in Ning Xi, Mingjun Zhang, Guangyong Li, Modeling and Control for Micro/Nano Devices and Systems, 2017
Benjamin E. Reese, Scott C. Lenaghan, Mingjun Zhang
One of the most difficult aspects of model construction remains in the estimation of model parameters and the identification of the structural and regulatory behavior of biological networks. Generally, this is dependent on the understanding of the system being modeled and the availability of data that can be used to describe the system. Of particular interest to pathologists are changes in the mechanobiology of cells associated with disease. Mechanobiology focuses on how physical forces or changes in cell mechanics contribute to the development and physiology of cells and tissues. Structure–function relationships such as those involved in mechanobiology are known to regulate many biological processes, spanning multiple levels and length scales. As a result, numerous subcellular features, such as those involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, influence the dynamic behavior of individual cells, which often affects surrounding cells through downstream signaling. This downstream signaling often serves as the origination signal of an injury or disease, and consequently, can be used for early detection of a pathological condition. Subtle modifications in the shape or structure of a cell could represent some of the earliest distinguishable factors indicating the onset of disease. For instance, mechanical forces applied to cells have been shown to regulate the progression of atherosclerosis and influence the transformation from a normal to malignant phenotype in certain cell types [1]. Not only can these external forces directly affect the mechanical response of cells, but they can also trigger the generation or suppression of biochemical and molecular signaling. Both the passive sensing and active modifications exhibited by different cell types due to these forces have an influence on the overall dynamics of cells and tissues. The ability to monitor and quantitatively measure these characteristic changes as a result of pathological events could facilitate earlier detection and provide further insight into healthy and diseased states.
Numerical modeling of red blood cell interaction mechanics
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2023
The rheology of erythrocyte aggregation by computer simulation was investigated by Liu and Liu [4]. They mentioned that the microscopic mechanism of erythrocyte aggregation is linked seamlessly to the macroscopic behavior of blood. Aggregation and dissociation of erythrocytes in shear flows simulated by the lattice Boltzmann method was investigated by Zhang et al. [5]. They mentioned that the configuration of the aggregate is closely related to the strength of the interaction. Fundamental fluid mechanics and erythrocyte sedimentation are presented by Brown, [6]. Multiscale modeling of erythrocytes in Stokes flow is presented by Peng et al. [7]. They analyzed the correlation between the molecular structure of an erythrocyte (red blood cell) and its mechanical response. Efficient red blood cell model in the frame of IB-LBM and its application presented by Xu et al. [8]. They mentioned that erythrocytes can cause local high pressure at the entrance to the stenosis. A study of the cell mechanics of hematological processes at the single micron level is given by Ciciliano et al. [9]. They mentioned that attached cells physiologically respond to the mechanical properties of their underlying matrices. Active modulation of human erythrocyte mechanics is analyzed by Kuck et al. [10]. They discussed role of cell mechanics in oxygen delivery.
In memorium Christopher Rae Jacobs
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2019
Having overarched the boundaries of medical science, computational mechanics and biological process Christopher’s legacy in innovative research is well documented through many journal publications, proceedings and book chapters together with the invited and Plenary lectures delivered at International meetings and Congresses. Indeed his book, with H Huangand R Y Kwon, an ‘Introduction to Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology’ is a must read for those studying cell structure and function and has been the pathway for many young scientists entering bioengineering. As a result of this output he was awarded the coveted ASME Van C Mow medal in 2014. This was not only for his research contribution but for leadership in mentoring young bioengineers where he will leave an indelible mark into the future. This was followed in 2016 by the Richard Skalak Award for best paper in the ASME Journal of Biomechanical Engineering along with Julia Chen.
Development of 3D manipulation of viscoelastic biological cells by AFM based on contact models and oscillatory drag
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2021
Moharam Habibnejad Korayem, Zahra Rastegar
Predictor, detector, and healer role of adhesive molecules in heart diseases and Alzheimer has been the focus of several studies [13]. Puetch et al. measured the zebra fish single cell with coated substrate’s adhesion properties and concluded that extracellular connections affect intracellular signaling [14]. The mechanical coupling of living cells is a complex process which is important for various biological processes. The effects of the biochemical therapies on the cell-cell adhesion and single cell mechanics have been investigated using AFM systematically [15]. To do so, a tip-less cantilever was used for cells’ connection. Cell-cell adhesion parameters such as maximum separation force, and work of adhesion were extracted from the force-displacement curves.