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Automated Diagnosis and Prediction in Cardiovascular Diseases Using Tomographic Imaging
Published in Ayman El-Baz, Jasjit S. Suri, Big Data in Multimodal Medical Imaging, 2019
Lisa Duff, Charalampos Tsoumpas
Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) are often utilised in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases due to its high soft tissue contrast (Figure 4.5). MRA is used to image blood vessels while CMR looks at the heart and larger vessels.
An adaptive heart disease diagnosis via ECG signal analysis with deep feature extraction and enhanced radial basis function
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
Sanjib Kumar Dhara, Nilankar Bhanja, Prabodh Khampariya
Recently, HD has become a common disease and leads to global death (Rath et al. 2021). HD is normally observed by utilising traditional approaches like blood tests, cardiac computerised tomography scans, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ECG, etc. But, these traditional analyses are required more time to observe HD in individuals. HD is the commonly used term for a wide range of heart disease types of blood vessels, and heart-related issues like coronary artery disease (CAD) (Sharma et al. 2021), as well as heart rhythm-based issues, are referred to as arrhythmias (ARR) (Rath et al. 2022). In accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) report, HD attained a high death rate worldwide (Kusuma and Jothi 2022). In the year 2012, the analysis showed that HD created 17.5 million death globally, which shows every 2 s, a person’s life got expires due to HD (Venkataramanaiah and Kamala 2020). Cardiovascular syndrome is a commonly occurring heart issue in all regions. This issue is mainly due to diabetes, hypertension, smoking, cholesterol, being overweight, high blood pressure and so on (Kora and Krishna 2016). HD is attained by several heart issues like stroke, coronary–artery disease, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, etc. Various issues that lead to HD are blood pressure, chest pain (CP), fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol, inactive electrocardiographic results and heavy exercise. Still, researchers consider parameters such as diastolic blood pressure, weight, systolic blood pressure, glucose, height, alcohol, cholesterol and smoking in individuals (Kora et al. 2020).
A detailed review of contrast-enhanced fluorescence magnetic resonance imaging techniques for earlier prediction and easy detection of COVID-19
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
T. Lurthu Pushparaj, E. Fantin Irudaya Raj, E. Francy Irudaya Rani
MRI medicines that target specific biochemical mechanisms, including myocardial death, have recently been introduced. As a consequence, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows for detailed morphological and physiological, including molecular diagnostics of the myocardium (Figure 3). The magneto fluorescent nanoparticle (MNP), a super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, and a NIR fluoro-chrome (CLIO-Cy5. 5) were used to produce simultaneous magnetically and fluorescent readings of post-infarction myocardial macrophage infiltration to demonstrate the cooperation and concordance of this dual-modality technique. Nonetheless, MRI scans of the myocardium of both the treated rats demonstrated zero evidence of nanoparticle build-up. In the ulcerated myocardium, chemi-luminescence indicated a considerable accumulation of CLIO-Cy5.5. Infarcted mice in vivo indicated two areas of enhanced fluorescence intensity in planar images (Sosnovik et al. 2007).
Encoder Modified U-Net and Feature Pyramid Network for Multi-class Segmentation of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Images
Published in IETE Technical Review, 2022
Taresh Sarvesh Sharan, Sumit Tripathi, Shiru Sharma, Neeraj Sharma
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of deathsThese authors contributed equally to this work across the globe taking approx. 17.9 million lives every year which is 31% of global deaths in 2016 according to the World Health Organization. 85% of these deaths are due to heart attacks or strokes. In India, the number of cardiovascular disease patients increased considerably during the last decade [1,2]. In 2015, the number of patients who died due to CVDs is 25% of total deaths. The prevalence of CVDs was estimated to be 54.5 million in 2016. Recognition of CVDs is the first and most important step in the treatment and management of the patients by the healthcare system [3]. Cardiac function analysis can play an important role in the determination of abnormality in the heart such as but not limited to valve abnormality and cardiac tumor as it provides detailed structural information of the heart [4,5]. Also, several parameters for the heart can be calculated (Ejection fraction, stroke volumes) which further assist in the diagnosis of heart diseases like Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Many instruments based on imaging modality have been developed for monitoring the condition of the heart like Cardiac Magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI), Echocardiography, Ultrasound, and Computed tomography. Cardiac Magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is considered as a state-of-the-art method for Cardiac function analysis [6].