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Radiation Hazards
Published in Dag K. Brune, Christer Edling, Occupational Hazards in the Health Professions, 2020
Cancer of the skin is a well-recognized effect of UV irradiation, both in experimental animals and in man. The three types of cancer concerned are, namely, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma. The evidence for the production of cancer by UV is good for all types of malignancies. In man, the evidence for UV induction of skin cancer is both clinical and epidemiological. Basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas appear preferentially on the uncovered skin of lightly pigmented individuals. The latency period is in the order of 10 to 15 years for malignant melanomas.
Exposed children, protected parents; shade in playgrounds as a previously unstudied intervention field of cancer prevention
Published in International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 2020
Sven Schneider, Anca Bolbos, Philipp Kadel, Bärbel Holzwarth
Children are exposed to sunlight at the playground. Solar radiation is considered the most important behavior-related risk factor for a number of types of skin cancer. The exposure to solar radiation, which is the primary source of ultraviolet (UV) radiation, is the main environmental risk factor for the commonest types of skin cancers (i.e. basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas and cutaneous malignant melanoma) (Armstrong and Kricker 2001; El Ghissassi et al. 2009). While a higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma is related to high levels of cumulative sun exposure, the main risk factors for basal cell cancer and malignant melanoma are a history of sunburn and high intermittent non-occupational sun exposure (Armstrong and Kricker 2001). Globally, a rise in incidence rates of skin cancer has been observed over the past five decades among the Caucasian population (Garbe and Leiter 2009; Lomas et al. 2012; Erdmann et al. 2013). This is particularly true in Germany, where a higher proportion of the population has ‘sun sensitive skin’ (13% skin type I, 24% skin type II, 32% skin type III) and the incidence rates of the abovementioned types of skin cancer are rising dramatically (Robert Koch Institut 2017). Lastly, UV radiation is also linked to cataracts and suppression of the body’s immune system (Gregus 2006).
Automatic Skin Tumour Segmentation Using Prioritized Patch Based Region – A Novel Comparative Technique
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
According to the survey recorded by American Institute of Cancer Research, melanoma skin tumour is estimated as the 19th most occurring cancer, while the non-melanoma is the fifth most occurring cancer in both men and women in the world. The number of newly reported cases in 2018 was about 300,000. The top country with the highest rate of melanomas in the previous year was Australia. Death rate estimated in 2019 due to skin cancers is 7230 [1]. The non-melanoma cancer occurs such as Basal Cell and Squamous Cell Carcinoma. These account for 99% of the skin cancers in the world [2]. If this condition continues, melanoma will be the first reason for high death rate in the world.