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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorders
Published in Richard K. Burt, Alberto M. Marmont, Stem Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Disease, 2019
The major autoantigens are the hemidesmosome-associated proteins BP 180 & BP230 (same as bullous pemphigoid) and the anchoring filament component laminin 5. The autoantibodies are IgG or IgA but cannot always be detected in patients serum even when the patient has active disease. Cicatricial pemphigoid can be a very devastating disease. Although during the early stages the disease shows primarily inflammation of mucosal surfaces, eventually the chronic damage of mucosal epithelia can result in blindness and significant scarring of the buccal, nasal, genital and anal regions.
Immunofluorescence
Published in Guy Cox, Fundamentals of Fluorescence Imaging, 2019
The pattern of IF staining is important in diagnosis, e.g., in Pemphigus vulgaris, the pattern is “chicken wire” demarcating intercellular spaces in the epidermis, whereas in Bullous pemphigoid, there are linear deposits at the dermoepidermal junction (Chhabra et al., 2012).
Homo Sapiens)
Published in J. P. Dubey, C. A. Speer, R. Fayer, Cryptosporidiosis of Man and Animals, 2018
The first case of Cryptosporidium infection in a human was described in 1976 in a previously healthy 3-year-old child from a farm community in rural Tennessee.591 The child was vomiting and had severe watery diarrhea, malaise, and a dry cough, but recovered within 2 weeks; diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis was made by electron microscopic examination of rectal biopsy tissue. Within 2 months, the second human case was reported, this time in a 39-year-old college administrator who lived on a cattle farm, had an ileostomy for ulcerative colitis, and was treated with maintenance cyclophosphamide and prednisolone for bullous pemphigoid.540 He had severe watery diarrhea accompanied by crampy abdominal pain which stopped 2 weeks after discontinuation of cyclophosphamide, but not prednisolone; diagnosis was again made by electron microscopic examination of biopsy tissue, this time from proximal jejunum and distal ileum.540
Using methods of time series data mining to recognize the influences of environmental factors on bullous pemphigoid
Published in Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 2018
Jian-Liang Lai, Yu-Ming Chang, Pin-Liang Chen, Lih-Ching Chou, Ding-Dar Lee, Meng-Han Yang
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a common autoimmune skin disease. Its symptoms involve the formation of bullae between the epidermis and dermis, and the tense bullae are located in the lower abdomen, inner and anterior thighs, and flexural areas (Lever 1979). It is widely known that BP occurs most commonly in aging populations (Bernard et al. 1995; Langan et al. 2008). Additionally, it is reported that exposures to ultraviolet (UV) light and radiation therapy are potential triggers (Albergo and Gilgor 1982; Perl et al. 1996; Pfau et al. 1994). However, the exact precipitating factors of BP are not completely identified. Conversely, the immunoglobulin G antibodies that target proteins in the keratinocyte hemidesmosome can result in subepidermal blister formations (Stanley et al. 1981; Thoma-Uszynski et al. 2004). Certain drugs including furosemide, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, penicillamine, and antibiotics are also potentially associated with onset of BP. Poor general health for BP patients is associated with a deteriorating prognosis as indicated by extant studies that observed increases in 1-year mortality rates following the diagnosis of BP (Colbert et al. 2004; Joly et al. 2005). In summary, pathophysiologic reasons for the phenomena associated with BP require further investigations.