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Gastrointestinal system
Published in David A Lisle, Imaging for Students, 2012
Acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) is caused by abrupt disruption of blood flow to the bowel. AMI usually presents with sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhoea. The goal of diagnosis and therapy in AMI is prevention or limitation of bowel infarction. Prompt diagnosis requires a high index of suspicion and early referral for angiography in patients with clinical evidence of AMI. The most common causes of AMI are superior mesenteric artery (SMA) embolus, SMA thrombosis and non-occlusive SMA vasospasm. In the case of SMA embolus, the patient may have a history of cardiac disease, previous embolic event or simultaneous peripheral artery embolus. SMA thrombosis is usually associated with an underlying stenotic atherosclerotic lesion in the SMA.
Technical success and outcomes using a flexible bifurcated stent graft (AorfixTM) in abdominal aortic aneurysms: a systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Aazeb Khan, Emily Khoo, Vivak Hansrani, Mohamed Banihani, Haisum Qayyum, George A. Antoniou, Bella Huasen
The majority of the complications listed in Table 3 occurred due to partial or complete coverage of a visceral aortic branch by the endograft, or limb occlusion. There were four reported cases of acute limb ischemia, requiring intervention, of which three were within 2 days of the primary procedure [12,13], and the fourth patient presented on day 14 post procedure due to endograft limb occlusion [16]. Internal iliac artery occlusion reported in 12 patients (planned in one only) had mild buttock claudication symptoms and required no intervention. One author reports an ipsilateral external iliac artery occlusion occurring due to damage from the delivery system [7]. There were two reported cases of bowel ischemia, one managed conservatively [13], and the other patient died due to bowel infarction found on laparotomy [12]. Out of the four patients reported to have renal impairment, only one required renal artery stenting [13], but none of them required any renal support.