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Microorganisms in Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology
Published in Nduka Okafor, Benedict C. Okeke, Modern Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 2017
Nduka Okafor, Benedict C. Okeke
Bacteria are described in two compendia, Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. The first manual (on Determinative Bacteriology) is designed to facilitate the identification of a bacterium whose identity is unknown. It was first published in 1923. The companion volume (on Systematic Bacteriology) records the accepted published descriptions of bacteria and classifies them into taxonomic groups. The bacterial classification in the latest (second) edition of Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology is based on 16S RNA sequences following the work of Carl Woese and organizes the domain Bacteria into 18 groups (or phyla; singular, phylum). The bacterial phyla used in industrial microbiology and biotechnology are found in the Proteobacteria, the Firmicutes and the Actinobacteria.
Variations in bacterial community structures during geothermal water recharge-induced bioclogging
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Zongjun Gao, Hailong Xu, Pingping Zhang, Deshuai Ji, Lu Xia, Xinyi Wang, Bin Li, Minyue Dou, Yifan Xu
Based on laboratory-scale percolation experiments, this study investigated the characteristics of the bacterial community during bioclogging of geothermal water recharge using high-throughput sequencing technology. During the percolation experiments, the relative saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a heterogeneous reduction along the percolation path, with the major clogging occurring at the inlet of the sand columns. The Chao, Shannon, and Evenness index values of the bacterial community were 227 ± 61, 3.24 ± 0.19, and 0.61 ± 0.03, respectively. These results imply that there was a significant variation in the richness of the bacterial community during the experiments of geothermal water recharge but that the changes in bacterial diversity and evenness were not apparent. Different bacterial phyla were found, among which Proteobacteria was predominant (88.31%), followed by Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes (4.23%, 3.44%, and 2.49%, respectively). Regarding non-Proteobacterial phyla, Actinobacteria gradually disappeared while Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes appeared during the percolation experiments. These results suggest that, as the geothermal water reinjection progressed, significant variations in bacterial community diversity, composition, and structure occurred, while a core group of bacterial species persisted. This study provided detailed information on the variations in the bacterial community during geothermal water recharge, and the results can provide a better understanding of bacteria-inducted clogging in geothermal reservoir systems.
Antibiofilm and cytotoxic potential of extracellular biosynthesized gold nanoparticles using actinobacteria Amycolatopsis sp. KMN
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Faezeh Kabiri, Seyyed Soheil Aghaei, Ahmad Ali Pourbabaee, Mohammad Soleimani, Tahereh Komeili Movahhed
Actinobacteria, the largest bacterial phyla, are potential sources for a diverse range of bioactive metabolites, comprising antibiotics, enzymes, signaling molecules, enzyme inhibitors, and immunomodulators.[13] Investigations have portrayed that bioactive metabolites have a significant function in the conversion of heavy metals to metallic nanoparticles.[14] It has also been reported that some actinobacterial species produce varying nanoscale particles with a broad array of technology and biological applications.[15]
Lactate as an effective electron donor in the sulfate reduction: impacts on the microbial diversity
Published in Environmental Technology, 2022
Angélica Marcia dos Santos, Josiel Martins Costa, Juliana Kawanishi Braga, Theodore M. Flynn, Gunther Brucha, Giselle Patricia Sancinetti, Renata Piacentini Rodriguez
The sequences obtained via Illumina MiSeq technology were classified into 247 genera belonging to three archaeal phyla (Asgardaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Euryarchaeota) and thirty bacterial phyla. The most representative bacterial phyla were Firmicutes (relative abundance of 17.6–74.7%), Proteobacteria (relative abundance of 10.6–41.1%), Chloroflexi (relative abundance of 1–19.6%), and Bacteroidetes (relative abundance of 1.8–22.1%).