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Recognition of Types of Arrhythmia: An Implementation of Ensembling Techniques Using ECG Beat
Published in Ranjeet Kumar Rout, Saiyed Umer, Sabha Sheikh, Amrit Lal Sangal, Artificial Intelligence Technologies for Computational Biology, 2023
Arshpreet Kaur, Kumar Shashvat, Hemant Kr. Soni
Arrhythmia is a heart condition which can be detected by the interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG) signal [13]. Despite the fact that arrhythmia can be effectively treated and many types are risk free, if ignored, it can even lead to lethal conditions such as stroke or heart failure. Heart conditions can also be the consequence of COVID-19 [6] [12]. It is divided into several different types of classes, ranging to cause mild to acute heart issues. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is used to sense abnormalities in the human heart. It works characteristically by sensing and intensifying the tiny electrical changes on the skin that are caused, when the heart muscle “depolarizes” through individual heartbeat. It, on the whole, works by the interpretation of electrical activity of the heart, apprehended over time and superficially recorded by skin electrodes [11], [8]. Figure 13.1 presents the diagrammatic descriptions of all different types of arrhythmic beats.
Contrast enhancement agents and radiopharmaceuticals
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
Severe AEs have the potential to be immediately life threatening. Thankfully they are rarely seen and most definitely less now that ionic agents are rarely used for contrast enhancement. Severe symptoms include the following: life-threatening arrhythmias (i.e. ventricular tachycardia), hypotension, overt bronchospasm, laryngeal oedema, pulmonary oedema, seizures, syncope and death.
Biopotentials and Electrophysiology Measurement
Published in John G. Webster, Halit Eren, Measurement, Instrumentation, and Sensors Handbook, 2017
Many organs in the human body, such as the heart, brain, muscles, and eyes, manifest their function through electric activity [1]. The heart, for example, produces a signal called the ECG (Figure 64.1a). The brain produces a signal called an EEG (Figure 64.1b). The activity of muscles, such as contraction and relaxation, produces an EMG (Figure 64.1c). Eye movement results in a signal called an EOG (Figure 64.1d), and the retina within the eyes produces the electroretinogram (ERG). Measurements of these and other electric signals from the body can provide vital clues as to normal or pathological functions of the organs. For example, abnormal heart beats or arrhythmias can be readily diagnosed from an ECG. Neurologists interpret EEG signals to identify epileptic seizure events. EMG signals can be helpful in assessing muscle function as well as neuromuscular disorders. EOG signals are used in the diagnosis of disorders of eye movement and balance disorders.
Data Analytics for Risk of Hospitalization of Cardiac Patients
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
M. Chandralekha, N. Shenbagavadivu
The onset of chronic disease especially in patients with heart disease is mostly influenced by the lifestyle and predicting heart disease early could save cost and life. Heart disease refers to problems that are associated with blood vessels, circulatory system, disease related to tissues and structural units. The symptoms of heart disease vary for men and women. Men experience chest pain while women experience shortness of breath, chest discomfort. However, the common symptom includes chest pain, breathlessness and palpitations. Other symptoms include that pain that migrates from chest towards arm, back, jaw, heavy sweating, nausea, dizziness. Abnormal heartbeats or arrhythmia have symptoms like fluttering feeling in the chest, high heart beat, low heart beat, dizziness, shortness of breath and dizziness. There are number of factors that can cause heart disease such as genetic factors, heart muscle damages, heart valve disorders, pumping conditions and life style. The main risk factors for developing heart disease are age, sex, family history, smoking, diet that have high salt, fat, sugar, high blood pressure, diabetes, high cholesterol levels, stress and anxiety.
Context-aware system for cardiac condition monitoring and management: a survey
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2022
Godwin Okechukwu Ogbuabor, Juan Carlos Augusto, Ralph Moseley, Aléchia van Wyk
Though there are different examples of cardiac diseases, such as cardiac arrhythmias, atherosclerotic disease, and cerebrovascular disease; Celermajer et al. (2012) stated that most of the cardiovascular challenges in the world is due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is a condition where arteries become blocked with fatty substances called plaques which can result to stroke or heart attack (Stanner 2008). Its symptoms include pain or discomfort in the chest, shortness of breath (Dyspnea), fatigue and nausea. In 2014, Bhatnagar et al. (2015) conducted research and discovered that 46% of cardiovascular disease death in UK is as a result of atherosclerosis. Another cardiac disease that worth looking into is arrhythmia. Cardiac arrhythmia occurs when the electrical impulses that coordinate the heartbeats do not work properly, causing the heart to beat too fast, too slow or irregularly (Stanner 2008). Its symptoms include palpitation, weakness and chest pain.
Treatment of brief episodes of highly symptomatic supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias: a methodological review
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Rita B. Gagyi, Mark Hoogendijk, Sing-Chien Yap, Tamas Szili-Torok
The diagnosis of short-lived arrhythmias is difficult; therefore, it can be established with certainty only by an electrophysiology (EP) study. The current mapping approaches are described in the next section. Data for an evidence-based choice of drugs for the pharmacological therapy of supraventricular arrhythmias are deficient. However, current guidelines recommend initiation of therapy with beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers. In the case of nonsustained or short-lived arrhythmias guidelines recommend no drug therapy but targeted CA [10]. At the ventricular level, guidelines recommend beta-blocker therapy for PVCs and nonsustained VTs as pharmacological approach. Catheter ablation, however, is an important treatment option for patients with ventricular arrhythmias when antiarrhythmic medication is ineffective, not tolerated or not desired by the patient [11].