China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Motor Brake
Published in Wei Tong, Mechanical Design and Manufacturing of Electric Motors, 2022
Regenerative braking is based on the energy recovery mechanism to retard or stop an electric motor by converting kinetic energy into electric energy. When braking, the drive motor is turned to the power generation state to generate the braking torque to the driven load. During the process, the produced electricity can be fed back into the power supply for immediate use or stored for the future use. For this purpose, several energy storage technologies have been developed. For example, it can be stored chemically in batteries, electrically in capacitors, and mechanically in rotating flywheels, depending upon different applications.
Introduction
Published in L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander, Power Converters for Electric Vehicles, 2020
L. Ashok Kumar, S. Albert Alexander
To make the best out of the available energy, EVs apply various aerodynamics and mass reduction techniques, and lightweight materials are used to decrease the body weight as well. Regenerative braking is used to restore energy lost in braking. The restored energy can be stored in different ways. It can be stored directly in the ESS, or it can be stored by compressing air by means of hydraulic motor; springs can also be employed to store this energy in the form of gravitational energy [169].
Drive and Control System for Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Published in Ali Emadi, Handbook of Automotive Power Electronics and Motor Drives, 2017
Weng Keong Kevin Lim, Saman Kumara Halgamuge, Harry Charles Watson
The Parallel Electrical Assist CS is the most commonly adopted CS for parallel configuration HEVs due to its robustness and simplicity. This CS has proven to be reliable, as both the Honda Insight and Hybrid Honda Civic adopted it as their primary CS. This CS uses the ICE to drive the vehicle, while the EM is often used for starting up the ICE and assisting the ICE during high-power demand. This concept allows the ICE to operate in a more efficient region to reduce fuel consumption, while keep emissions low by avoiding full-throttle conditions usually needed for acceleration and steep gradient. Regenerative braking is incorporated to help boost the energy efficiency, especially during urban driving conditions.
An Optimization-Based Neural Network for Estimating Regenerative Braking Force in EVs for Maximal Energy Recovery
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2022
Regenerative braking is the technique of transforming kinetic energy into electrical energy and then restoring it back into the battery. Regenerating model of an EV is described as when braking force is applied to drop the vehicle, the motor controller transforms the torque signal into a necessary 3 V-I waveforms to generate the required motor torque as positive or negative in the most effective manner. Therefore, regenerative braking occurs when torque is used to slow down the vehicle and the energy obtained is returned toward the battery (Yoong et al. 2010). A sophisticated regenerative braking system improves overall vehicle efficiency. The regenerative braking system must be designed with the concern that the proper braking on the rear and front wheel stops the vehicle quickly and is stable in addition to the maximum restoration of energy dissipated while braking (Guo, Wang, and Cao 2009).
Benefits estimation of regenerative braking versus service braking
Published in Ergonomics, 2021
Christopher Mitropoulos-Rundus, Chris Schwarz, Daniel McGehee
In a vehicle powered by internal combustion (IC), there is a significant energy loss when the driver presses the brake pedal. In a vehicle with service brakes, when the brake pads pinch the rotors, friction is created and used to slow the vehicle. This friction turns the kinetic energy into heat, which is then lost and cannot be used by the vehicle. Regenerative braking (RB) is a system that does not use the service brakes of the vehicle. It is typically used in electric vehicles to recapture the kinetic energy that would normally be lost while braking using the service brakes. Electric vehicles don’t have a transmission and instead use a combination of RB and SB. When the driver releases the accelerator pedal, the vehicle immediately begins to slow down. Regenerative braking works by running the motor as a generator, allowing torque created from the deceleration to slow the vehicle while generating electricity. The motor can act as an electric generator when running backwards and feed the energy collection from the slowing vehicle back into the vehicle’s batteries (Xu et al. 2011). Regenerative braking has the potential to save from 8% to as much as 25% of the total energy use of the vehicle (Xu et al. 2011).
Impact of regenerative braking torque blend-out characteristics on electrified heavy road vehicle braking performance
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2021
Kesavan Valis Subramaniyam, Shankar C. Subramanian
Electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), which are referred to as ‘electrified vehicles’, use less fuel and thereby reduce vehicle tailpipe emissions compared with conventional vehicles [1]. Further, regenerative braking helps to increase the energy efficiency of electrified vehicles [2]. In electrified road vehicles, regenerative braking is applied on only driven wheels. Also, the limiting brake force required is more than the regenerative braking force. Hence, electrified vehicles require friction braking that coexists with regenerative braking to meet the required braking force. Due to the existence of the two-brake system, an electrified vehicle’s brake system is called co-operative brake system and the process of regulating regenerative braking and friction braking on the driven wheels is called brake blending [3].