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Manual steering
Published in M.J. Nunney, Light and Heavy Vehicle Technology, 2007
This is the inclination of the road wheel centre plane relative to the vertical, as viewed from the front of the vehicle (Figures 24.9a and 24.10a). The camber angle is considered to be positive if the top of the wheel leans outwards and negative if it leans inwards. Historically, a noticeably positive camber was given to the front wheels of motor cars of an earlier era (as any reader who has ever seen one of the legendary prewar Bugatti cars head on will agree!), its purpose being to maintain the wheels normal to the surface of the then steeply cambered or crowned single-track roads.
Active camber for enhancing path following and yaw stability of over-actuated autonomous electric vehicles
Published in Vehicle System Dynamics, 2021
Wenliang Zhang, Lars Drugge, Mikael Nybacka, Zhenpo Wang
Besides torque vectoring through controlling the in-wheel motors, the camber control of over-actuated electric vehicles (EVs) has also been studied for various purposes. The wheel camber angle is the angle between the wheel plane and the plane perpendicular to the road [10], and it is an important factor determining the magnitude of the tyre forces. Camber control was applied to improve the steering feel in Roethof et al. [11], and it was found that the studied vehicle was easier to control when active camber was implemented than when it was deactivated, and that in the latter state the vehicle tended to run on the limit. Moreover, it was reported by Braghin et al. [12] that the maximum lateral acceleration increased in a ramp steer manoeuvre when camber control was activated. Furthermore, camber control was shown by Sun et al. [13] to improve the energy efficiency during a steady-state cornering manoeuvre.
The interaction between wheelchair configuration and wheeling performance in wheelchair tennis: a narrative review
Published in Sports Biomechanics, 2021
Thomas Rietveld, Riemer J. K. Vegter, Lucas H. V. der Woude, Sonja de Groot
The camber angle is defined as the angle between the wheel and the vertical. A wider wheelbase with an increased camber, provides the wheelchair user with improved stability (Trudel et al., 1997). Mason, Van Der Woude, Tolfrey, Goosey-Tolfrey et al. (2012) investigated the effect of camber angle (15, 18, 20 and 24 degrees) in wheelchair basketball on linear mobility and manoeuvrability. With a camber angle of 18° or 20°, the initial contact velocity and mean and peak velocities increased, which resulted in improved times on 20-metre sprint tests. Using a camber angle of 24°, the linear mobility decreased compared to all other settings. For the camber angle, the 18° and 20° setting were the most favourable for all aspects of mobility performance, linear and non-linear.