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Agent Architectures
Published in Weiming Shen, Douglas H. Norrie, Jean-Paul A. Barthès, Multi-Agent Systems for Concurrent Intelligent Design and Manufacturing, 2019
Weiming Shen, Douglas H. Norrie, Jean-Paul A. Barthès
One well-known deliberative agent architecture is the BDI (beliefs, desires, intentions) architecture. The basic idea here is to describe the internal state of an agent by means of a set of mental categories (beliefs, desires and intentions), and to define a control architecture by which the agent rationally selects its course of action based on these representations. The BDI architecture thus contains explicit representations of beliefs, desires and intentions: - The beliefs of an agent express its expectations about the current state of the world and about the likelihood of a course of action achieving certain effects. Beliefs may be modeled using possible-worlds semantics, where a set of possible worlds is associated with each situation, denoting the worlds that the agent believes to be possible. Other representations for beliefs can also be used. Beliefs may be false.- Desire is an abstract notion that specifies preferences for future world states or courses of action. An important feature of desire is that an agent is allowed to have inconsistent desires, and that it does not have to believe that its desires are achievable. We do not expect an agent to act on all its desires.- Intentions are those things the agent is either committed to doing (intending to) or committed to bringing about (intending that). Usually, an agent cannot pursue all its goals or options at once. Even if the set of goals is consistent, it is often necessary to select a certain goal (or a set of goals) to commit to. This process is called the formation of intentions. Thus, the current intentions of an agent can be described by a set of selected goals together with their state of processing.
Ontological knowledge integration and sharing for collaborative product development
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2018
Xiuzhen Li, Zhenyong Wu, Mark Goh, Siqi Qiu
Figure 3 shows the architecture of a deliberative agent, which is a classical architecture in artificial intelligence. A deliberative agent contains an explicitly represented, symbolic model of the world, and makes decisions by logical reasoning, based on pattern matching and symbolic manipulation (Wooldridge and Jennings 1995). The agent receives external information perceived by sensors. The information received is fused according to the internal state, and the knowledge base is used for planning. To achieve this goal, a series of actions, which affect the environment through the effectors, is generated.