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Shaking table tests on steel pallet racks
Published in Federico M. Mazzolani, Stessa 2003, 2018
C.A. Castiglioni, N. Panzeri, J. Brescianini, P. Carydis
From this preliminary re-analysis of the test data, the following general conclusions about the seismic behaviour of pallet racks can be drawn: - the structural behaviour is strongly influenced by the geometry of the bracing system. Eccentric bracing result in torsional modes; partial height bracing result in large amplification factors at the level where the bracing is absent. Hence great emphasis has to be given, during the design phase, to “structural regularity”;- sliding of the pallets represents a “serviceability” limit state, occurring at base accelerations lower than the seismic design ones.
Seismic fragility analysis of multi-span steel truss railway bridges in Turkey
Published in Structure and Infrastructure Engineering, 2022
Mehmet F. Yilmaz, Kadir Ozakgul, Barlas O. Caglayan
The bridge is built with a 37° skew angle with respect to the existing railway line. The superstructure with an open deck consists of two 7.35 m high truss girders being 4.90 m apart from each other transversely. The truss girders are resting on fixed and roller steel bearings located on piers and abutments. All the structural members of the steel truss are designed using WF14″ profiles strengthened with plates for the bottom chord, vertical and diagonal members, and U15″ profiles stiffened in the same way of using plates for the upper chord and end post members. The open deck supporting timber sleepers and railway track is constituted of transverse beams designed as WF36″ section and stringers of WF30″ profile. The transverse beams are longitudinally spaced with 4.9 m intervals, while the stringers are transversely spaced having 1.8 m distance from each other. The stringers are running between transverse beams where double angles are used for their connection. Braking and acceleration bracing system arranged with L90.90.10 profile is constituted between the stringers. Additionally, for providing lateral resistance to the bridge superstructure a lateral bracing system is provided at the top chord level as well as under the deck. T-sections and angles are used for these bracing members.