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Contraception
Published in S Paige Hertweck, Maggie L Dwiggins, Clinical Protocols in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2022
Nonoxynol-9Decreases sperm motilityAvailable over the counterCan be used with any other method
Epigenetics in Sperm, Epigenetic Diagnostics, and Transgenerational Inheritance
Published in Carlos Simón, Carmen Rubio, Handbook of Genetic Diagnostic Technologies in Reproductive Medicine, 2022
Jennifer L. M. Thorson, Millissia Ben Maamar, Michael K. Skinner
Human sperm fertility has been associated with altered levels of N6-methyladenine (m6A) in human sperm (65). These authors suggest that increased levels of m6A may be a risk factor for decreased sperm motility. A depletion of spermatagonial stem cells (SSC) is also associated with a reduction of m6A resulting in abnormal spermatogenesis (66).
Male Sexual Dysfunction and Male Factor Infertility
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
ROS are the final products of oxidative stress, which results in:Lipid peroxidated plasma membrane.Impaired acrosome reaction and chromatin maturation.Increased DNA fragmentations.Impaired sperm motility.
Sildenafil aggravates adriamycin-induced testicular toxicity in rats; a preliminary investigation
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Anne A. Adeyanju, Omolola R. Oyenihi, Oluwafemi O. Oguntibeju, Oreoluwa Ojomu
The cells of the reproductive system are one of the cells most affected by ADR treatment due to the rapidly proliferating characteristic of these cells similar to tumor cells (Prieto-Callejero et al.2020). Studies have reported the induction of testicular toxicity in rats by the intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of ADR (20 mg/kg) (Saalu et al.2010, Molehin et al.2018). The manifestation of testicular toxicity was assessed via analysis of sperm function: sperm count, motility, sperm viability, and morphological abnormalities (Hukkanen et al.2016). Evidence from previous studies indicates that sperm motility is an important factor in the success of fertilization, and any negative impact of motility would cause adverse effects on the fertilization capacity (Kumar and Singh 2015, Peiris et al.2015). ADR induced testicular toxicity in rats evident by a significant reduction in sperm count (99.40 ± 16.12 × 106/ml in ADR-treated rats versus 135 ± 13.52 × 106/ml in the vehicle control) and sperm motility (70 ± 7.07% in ADR-treated rats versus 85 ± 7.07% in the vehicle control) indicating a negative effect on reproductive health.
Probiotic effects on sperm parameters, oxidative stress index, inflammatory factors and sex hormones in infertile men
Published in Human Fertility, 2022
Bijan Helli, Maria Kavianpour, Ehsan Ghaedi, Mohammadreza Dadfar, Hossein Khadem Haghighian
According to the existing definitions, infertility is recognized as non-pregnancy after one year of unprotected sexual relations (Kukla, 2019). This disorder is one of the health problems that affect patients individually, socially and economically (Sarac & Koc, 2018). Fifty per cent of infertility problems related to male factors and male infertility is mainly due to a defect in spermatogenesis, which can be attributed to sperm dysfunction, reduced sperm count, sperm maturation, and sperm motility (Agarwal et al., 2015). The exact mechanism of the defect in sperm function in many cases is not known and these are called idiopathic causes. World Health Organisation (WHO) defined several subtypes of sperm malformation: asthenozoospermia, oligozoospermia, teratozoospermia, or their combinations. According to the WHO, the lower limit of normal sperm motility is 32% of progressively motile sperm and 40% of total motile sperm (Dickey et al., 1999).
Effects of Sargassum virgatum extracts on the testicular measurements, genomic DNA and antioxidant enzymes in irradiated rats
Published in International Journal of Radiation Biology, 2022
Ahmed I. Semaida, Mona A. El-Khashab, Abdullah A. Saber, Amal I. Hassan, Shady A. Elfouly
The left testes were used to assess the repopulation indices, i.e. oxidative stress enzymes and DNA fragmentation, while the right ones were used for evaluating the morphometric data of the testes (length, width, height, volume, and weight), and the main epididymal sperm parameters, including the sperm headcount, motility, progressive motility, vitality and morphology. Percentages of these vital parameters were evaluated for 100 spermatozoa from each animal. Five microliters of the semen sample was investigated using a hemocytometer. Normal sperm cells were counted using an OMAX light microscope (model M8311Z, Kent, WA). Ten microliters of the semen was examined to evaluate the sperm motility and progressive motility. The sperm vitality was investigated using 10 μl of the semen, blended with 10 μl eosin stain, and then the vital sperm cells were counted using a microscope. Abnormal sperm morphology was counted after centrifugation of the semen sample at 4000 rpm/min with 1 ml Ham’s F10 for 10 min. For characterization of the abnormal sperms, 10 μl of the sperm suspension was fixed with methanol, allowed to dry for 10 min, and then stained with rapid differential stains (RAPI-DIFF) and 2% eosin for 1 h according to the standards suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO 2010). One hundred to two hundred spermatozoa per animal were investigated using a phase-contrast OMAX microscope, and abnormalities, such as shapes of sperm heads and tails, were observed.