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Inhibiting Low-Density Lipoproteins Intimal Deposition and Preserving Nitric Oxide Function in the Vascular System
Published in Christophe Wiart, Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome, 2017
Synonym: Toxicodendron vernicifluum (Stokes) F.A. BarkleyCommon name: qi shu (Chinese)Subclass Rosidae, Superorder Rutanae, Order Rutales, Family AnacardiaceaeMedicinal use: bleeding (China)
Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo genotoxic and antigenotoxic effects of Rhus coriaria
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2021
Taygun Timocin, Mehmet Arslan, Hasan Basri Ila
Mitomycin-C is a commonly used agent in genotoxicity and anti-genotoxicity studies as positive control (Takai et al.2015, Kocaman and Guzelkokar 2018). When RCE and mitomycin-C were applied to human lymphocytes in combination, the genotoxic effect of mitomycin-c was not altered. That is, RCE did not show an antigenotoxic effect in vitro. Urethane is known as a genotoxic agent in rats (Schlatter and Lutz 1990, Topaktaş et al.1996, Kayraldiz and Topaktaş 2007, Azirak and Rencuzogullari 2008, Bemis et al.2015). The results obtained in our study indicate that the highest concentration of RCE (2000 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced the frequency of structural CAs induced by urethane in bone marrow cells for both 12 and 24 h treatment periods. The antigenotoxic effect observed in this study is thought to be caused by the acids in the RC. Parallel to our study, Toxicodendron vernicifluum (former Rhus verniciflua), which belongs to Anacardiaceae family like RC, has been investigated for its anti-mutagenic effect. The Ames test showed that RC methanol extract potentially inhibited the mutagenic effect caused by aflatoxin B1 (Park et al.2004). In addition, RC inhibited DNA damage induced by H2O2 and (±)-anti-benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-dihydro-diol-9,10-epoxide (BPDE) in the comet assay (Chakraborty et al.2009). Kizil and Turk (2010) investigated the fatty acid compositions of RC in the southeastern Anatolia region of Turkey. The most abundant fatty acids in the extract were found to be linoleic acid, oleic acid, and palmitic acid. Ünver (2006) has studied the biochemical properties of the RC plants fruit obtained from a location close to the RC plant we used in our study. According to the study, RC was very rich in palmitic acid and oleic acid. These acids are known to have antimutagenic/anticlastogenic properties. In addition, palmitic acid showed antimutagenic activity in rats (Harada et al. 2002). In the study by Kritchevsky (2000), a linoleic acid form reduced dimethylbenz(a)anthracene(DMBA)-induced mammary tumors and adenocarcinomas in rats. The antigenotoxic effect of RCE detected in our study, may be due to the palmitic and oleic acid contents of the RC.