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Cesarean Delivery
Published in Vincenzo Berghella, Obstetric Evidence Based Guidelines, 2022
A. Dhanya Mackeen, Meike Schuster
Changing to a second scalpel after skin incision versus no such change has never been evaluated in a trial or in any obstetric literature. From general surgery data, one scalpel is probably adequate to use throughout the whole surgical procedure.
Lasers in Medicine: Healing with Light
Published in Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman, Introduction to Physics in Modern Medicine, 2020
Suzanne Amador Kane, Boris A. Gelman
For many applications, surgeons still choose scalpels or electrocauteries over lasers. Some studies actually have shown that healing proceeds more quickly for scalpel cuts because they involve less damage to neighboring tissue. Both traditional techniques are cheaper and have been in use for many years with satisfactory results. Both represent a trivial expense compared with medical lasers costing up to tens of thousands of dollars per system. As shown in the preceding section, multiple types of lasers are often required for different operations, increasing the expense yet further. Since lasers must be located near the operating room or physician's office, these systems cannot be shared among many different sites. Even in their most successful applications, surgical lasers have probably added to the overall healthcare bill.
Principles and Theory of Radiosurgery
Published in Jeffrey A Sherman, Oral Radiosurgery, 2020
Incisions produced by radiosurgery are similar histologically to those produced by a scalpel. These incisions lack thermal and mechanical artifact due to the low level of lateral heat produced. The scalpel requires pressure on incision with immediate bleeding and compromised surgical visibility. Electrosurgery produces more tissue alteration and histologic thermal artifact as a result of the increased lateral heat produced by the low-frequency radio wave of 0.5–2.9 MHz. The laser has been shown to histologically produce char and thermal artifacts due to the increased lateral heat and thereby increases tissue alteration. A comparison of the scalpel, the laser and radiosurgery/electrosurgery has been included as a guide to the differences and similarities of the three (Table 1.1).
Potential colonization of provox voice prosthesis by Candida spp. with no sign of failure for approximately 10 years exploitation time
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica Case Reports, 2021
Jakub Spałek, Piotr Deptuła, Bonita Durnaś, Grzegorz Król, Szczepan Kaliniak, Robert Bucki, Sławomir Okła
AFM experiments were made 5 h after prosthesis removal. Prosthesis sections from the flanges in contact with the tissues were cut, glued to the Petri-Dishes (35 mm) and tested under wet conditions in distilled water. The cuts were made under sterile conditions using a scalpel. The topography of the VP polymer surface with biofilm, the surface after biofilm removal, and the surface of control samples (from manufacture new VP) were probe. Before measuring the polymer with biofilm structures samples were washed by triple immersion in distilled water to remove loose particles. In order to biofilm effect test on the polymer topography and elasticity, the samples were cleaned using an ultrasonic cleaner (30 min in room temperature). All samples’ manipulations were performed carefully to prevent possible damage of the polymer structure. The assessment of the microbiological examination was presented in the Table 1.
Autologous fat transplantation for the treatment of abdominal wall scar adhesions after cesarean section
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2021
Sheng-Hong Li, Yin-Di Wu, Yan-Yun Wu, Xuan Liao, Pik-Nga Cheung, Ting Wan, Li-Ling Xiao, Jian-Xing Song, Hai-Ling Huang, Hong-Wei Liu
Approval for autologous fat harvesting and transplantation was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of Medical Science, Jinan University, and written consent was obtained from the study participants. The liposuction sites were located in the lower abdomen, thigh, and knee. The incision for lower abdominal liposuction was made at the inner edge of the umbilicus. Lidocaine (0.125%) was used as a topical infiltrating anesthetic. A no. 11 scalpel was used to make an incision of approximately 3 mm in accordance with the preoperative plan. A no. 20 blunt-side-opening long needle was used to inject the tumescent anesthesia solution (25 ml of 2% lidocaine + 2 mg of adrenaline + 12.5 ml of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate + 1000 ml of normal saline). The amount of tumescent fluid injected depended on the amount of fat required and the range of liposuction. A side-opening liposuction needle with an inner diameter of 3 mm was inserted into the subcutaneous fat layer, a 20 ml syringe was connected, and subcutaneous fat was extracted using the syringe liposuction technique [14,15]. Uniform radioactivity extraction was conducted, and the amount of extracted fat depended on the amount of fat required to fill the subcutaneous tunnels of the scar. The contused tissue around the incision was trimmed, and the skin incision was sutured. The surgical area was bandaged under pressure. The collected fat was statically precipitated and filtered to remove the tumescent anesthetic fluid and was then placed in a 10 ml syringe for use.
Dynamics and metabolic profile of oral keratinocytes (NOK-si) and Candida albicans after interaction in co-culture
Published in Biofouling, 2021
Paula Masetti, Paula Volpato Sanitá, Janaina Habib Jorge
This assay was performed to determine the number of CFU ml−1 of C. albicans biofilm cells growing in isolation and in the co-cultures at the following periods of time: 90 min, 24 h, and 48 h. For quantification of the fungal cells, the Transwell® membranes with the biofilms were removed from their support with a sterile no. 11 blade in a scalpel handle. Then, each membrane was placed in a Falcon tube with sterile 1X PBS and sonicated in an ultrasonic device for 5 min for the total detachment of the cells (Pellissari et al. 2016). Subsequently, a serial dilution was performed in 1X sterile PBS by transferring 100 μl of the original solution to tubes containing 900 μl of the same solution. Dilutions of 10−1 to 10−4 were obtained and an aliquot of 25 μl of each dilution was sown, in duplicate, in one of the quadrants of a Petri dish containing SDA with chloramphenicol. The plates were incubated at 37 °C for 48 h and, after this period, the number of colonies was determined with a digital colony counter. The numbers of CFU ml−1 were calculated according to the following formula: CFU ml−1 = number of colonies × 10n q−1. In this formula, n is equivalent to the absolute value of the chosen dilution (from 0 to 4) and q is equivalent to the quantity, in ml, sown of each dilution in the plates.