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Labial Disorders
Published in S Paige Hertweck, Maggie L Dwiggins, Clinical Protocols in Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, 2022
Chelsea A. Kebodeaux, Jennifer E. Dietrich
Labiaplasty surgical techniquesAmputation: The free edge of the labia is trimmed down and oversewn, resulting in scarring of the free edge of the revised labia minoraRemoval of a section: Either wedge resection or de-epitheliazation, resulting in scar within the labia with natural margins maintained
Intimate areas
Published in Jani van Loghem, Calcium Hydroxylapatite Soft Tissue Fillers, 2020
Jani van Loghem, Job Thuis, Pieter Siebenga
Cosmetic procedures of the female genital area are becoming increasingly popular. The American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery reported a total of 8,745 labiaplasty procedures performed in 2015, an increase of 15% compared to 2014 [1]. As with all other parts of the body, the genital area is subjected to age-related changes. A loss of subcutaneous fat as well as dermal loss of collagen and elastin in the mons pubis and labia majora leads to increased laxity and rhytids of the skin, giving it an aged appearance [2,3]. The thickness of the skin and vascularization are affected by the hormonal changes during menopause [4]. Both the thickness of the skin and vascularization decreases as estrogen levels are becoming lower. Moreover, the labia minora to labia majora ratio shifts to a more prominent labia minora compared with the labia majora [2]. These changes not only affect the aesthetic appearance of the genital area but may also influence self-esteem of the female (i.e., sexual disruption due to insecurity about her physical appearance) [5,6].
Vaginal Dysmorphia
Published in Philipa A Brough, Margaret Denman, Introduction to Psychosexual Medicine, 2019
Labiaplasty is probably the most commonly requested and offered FGCS. It is therefore worthy of explanation in this chapter. There are different types of surgery for labiaplasty which might be offered. These claim to have different complications associated with them. However, due to multiple factors there is no good research to date which gives reliable data on outcomes.
Exploring the motivations for pursuing operative labiaplasty in Chinese patients
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Shuai Qiang, Feng Yong Li, Yu Zhou, Qiang Li, Bao Qiang Song
In 2007, Bramwell (2007) conducted a retrospective qualitative study of six women who had undergone labiaplasty to investigate their expectations and experiences. The results revealed that all women felt that their genital appearance was “odd” and that they adhered strongly to cultural norms. Some surgeons consider that the indication for labiaplasty should be physical discomfort rather than appearance. Ackard (2000) reported on the results of a survey completed by 3627 women about body image, self-image, and sexual behaviours. They found that a positive self-image and body image were related to a higher level of sexual satisfaction. However, there is little research on the relationship between them, so we can only speculate that if women perceive dissatisfaction with their bodies, they are less likely to enjoy sexual pleasure. Thus, having a beautiful or “standard” vulva may provide a better functional experience.
Gayzing Women’s Bodies: Criticisms of Labia Depend on the Gender and Sexual Orientation of Perceivers
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2023
Flora Oswald, Cory L. Pedersen, Jes L. Matsick
Increasingly, women in Western countries are seeking genital cosmetic surgery to align their bodies with sociocultural ideals (Chibnall et al., 2019; Clerico et al., 2017). Labiaplasty – removing portions of the labia minora with the aim of rendering them minimally visible beneath the labia majora (Jones & Nurka, 2015; Sharp et al., 2016) – is among the most commonly sought forms of female genital cosmetic surgery in the United States and, in 2020, was globally the 16th most common plastic surgery procedure overall (International Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, 2020). Most women pursue labiaplasty for aesthetic reasons (Crouch et al., 2011; Goodman et al., 2010; Veale et al., 2014), which has raised concern regarding the stigmatization of naturally diverse labial appearances and the corresponding perpetuation of narrow labial ideals (Braun, 2019; see also Skoda et al., 2021).
Evaluations of Black and White Female Genitalia by Labiaplasty Status: A Pre-Registered Contextualization, Replication, and Extension of Findings on Labial Perceptions
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2022
Flora Oswald, Kari A Walton, Devinder Khera, Amanda Champion, Cory L. Pedersen
Labiaplasty refers to a type of female genital cosmetic surgery (FGCS) that involves removing parts of the labia minora, usually to make the labia smaller in size and/or appear more symmetrical (Goodman, 2011; Goodman et al., 2010; Gunter, 2019). This form of FGCS is prevalent and quickly growing in popularity; in 2016, labiaplasty procedures increased by 39% in the United States, with over 12,000 operations taking place (American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2016); more recently in 2019, more than 11,000 labiaplasties were recorded (American Society of Plastic Surgeons, 2019). Notably, we were unable to find comprehensive statistics on labiaplasty-seeking by race or by gender status (e.g., transgender individuals); such data would help elucidate potential differences or similarities in labiaplasty procedures.