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Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurocognitive Disorders
Published in Gail S. Anderson, Biological Influences on Criminal Behavior, 2019
The development of the MRI was a tremendous step forward in the medical world. It allows a physician to see inside the body, from any angle, at any site, without invasive procedures, making the term exploratory surgery frequently a thing of the past.
Case Analysis
Published in Julie Dickinson, Anne Meyer, Karen J. Huff, Deborah A. Wipf, Elizabeth K. Zorn, Kathy G. Ferrell, Lisa Mancuso, Marjorie Berg Pugatch, Joanne Walker, Karen Wilkinson, Legal Nurse Consulting Principles and Practices, 2019
Linda Luedtke, Elizabeth K. Zorn
Operative reports from exploratory surgery may contain detailed descriptions of the plaintiff’s internal injuries, such as internal organ lacerations, ruptures, contusions, or hemorrhage. Operative reports from open repair of fractures may contain a detailed description of the fracture and any hardware used to stabilize the fracture. Pathology reports describe any injured body parts removed. A final autopsy report includes information regarding all body systems, all injuries, and the primary and secondary cause(s) of death. In some cases, the primary or secondary cause of death may be unrelated to the subject accident. The final autopsy report may also include toxicological screening for certain prescription medications or illegal substances which may be important to evaluate whether the decedent was impaired in any way at the time of the accident.
The Problem of Rising Healthcare Costs and Spending
Published in Kant Patel, Mark Rushefsky, Healthcare Politics and Policy in America, 2019
A great deal of modern technology—medical equipment, medical techniques, and pharmaceuticals—is very expensive. More important, the overuse of such technologies and continuous use of some technologies that have shown to be not very effective has helped drive healthcare costs upward (McClellan 1996; Nitzkin 1996). One of the most significant advances in medical technology, and one of the costliest, is the spread and increased use of such diagnostic tools as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), and positron emission tomography (PET) scans. Since such new diagnostic therapies are simpler and safer than exploratory surgery, they are used at a much higher rate, adding to healthcare costs. MRI, CT, and PET scan equipment costs as much as $3 million. The cost of scans using imaging equipment varies depending on where the equipment is. A hospital-based MRI could cost as much as $4,000, while one in a free-standing clinic might be a tenth of that cost (Taylor 2018). All of this depends on location and what kind of scan one is receiving. A scan in an emergency would likely be much more expensive. A 2012 story by Consumer Reports (“That CT Scan Costs How Much?” 2012) mentioned a woman who was charged over $9,000 for a CT scan at an emergency room. Depending on the person, insurance will cover some of those costs.
Advanced osteoradionecrosis of the maxilla: a 15-year, single-institution experience of surgical management
Published in Acta Oto-Laryngologica, 2020
Zimeng Li, Shangping Liu, Shang Xie, Xiaofeng Shan, Lei Zhang, Zhigang Cai
Postsurgical complications reported immediately included venous vascular crisis in one case (1/11, 9.1%) and postoperative bleeding in another (1/24, 4.2%). These two patients underwent unplanned reoperations immediately to manage the complications. Since the flap returned to normal after exploratory surgery, the total vascularized flap success rate was 100%.
Cost description of clinical examination and MRI in wrist ligament injuries
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2018
Jonny K. Andersson, Elisabeth Hansson-Olofsson, Jón Karlsson, Jan Fridén
Surgeons prefer definitive preoperative diagnoses in order to avoid exploratory surgery. It is, therefore, essential that future research focuses on the trinity of a thorough history, careful physical examination, and thoughtful consideration of imaging studies as an aggregate, rather than focusing solely on the MRI report.