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Offence focused interventions for autistic people
Published in Nichola Tyler, Anne Sheeran, Working with Autistic People in the Criminal Justice and Forensic Mental Health Systems, 2022
Clare Melvin, Glynis H. Murphy
Individuals with autism can commit illegal behaviours, just like anyone else, and so they may also require interventions for offending behaviour. The human rights and advocacy movements, including social role valorisation, have given individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities a voice, but those who break the law are subject to the same due process of the Criminal Justice System as others without disabilities. However, a general shift away from punishment only (i.e. prison), and simple ‘removal’ from society (i.e., institutionalisation), has resulted in many countries responding to crimes by people with disabilities with therapeutic treatment, or interventions for offending behaviour, instead of or alongside incarceration (Ward & Maruna, 2007).
Specific Needs of the Older Adult
Published in David B. Cooper, Jo Cooper, Palliative Care Within Mental Health, 2018
When applying a palliative model, it can be reasonably assumed that people experiencing dementia are encouraged to live at home or at a place of their choosing. The issue of autonomy in this instance is particularly challenging as the potential to be at risk for difficulties with nutrition, personal hygiene, drug management, getting lost, financial fraud and social isolation is heightened. So, trying to support people experiencing dementia to be cared for at home can create ethical dilemmas of how to balance autonomy with the need for maintaining safety and wellbeing. The problems with such a dilemma are further exacerbated by the real politic of limited resources available to manage associated risk in the home. Many identifiable risks can more than adequately be managed with appropriate levels of support. But such support incurs a human resource cost that many health care providers or indeed families simply cannot sustain. Despite decades of rhetoric in relation to person centred care, deinstitutionalisation and social role valorisation; creating the structures and supports for meaningful and thoughtful home care based on palliative principles often seems as remote as ever, irrespective of what condition is being managed. Thus, the ideals inherent in the palliative approach are subsumed in the prevailing climate of viewing health problems solely through the perspective of risk and health and safety legislation, which offers little scope for the individual to maintain control or influence over the latter stages of their lives.
Using Social Role Valorisation to Make Services Sensitive to Spiritual Need
Published in John Wattis, Stephen Curran, Melanie Rogers, Spiritually Competent Practice in Health Care, 2017
The way other people treat them is possibly even more important to how people with mental health problems feel and to their life outcomes than their psychiatric diagnosis (11,12). So what exactly is this theory of social role valorisation (SRV) and how does it help?
The potential impact of experiencing social inclusion in recreation for children with and without disabilities
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Brydne Edwards, Debra Cameron, Gillian King, Amy C. McPherson
Given the limitations of inter-group contact theory, normalization may be an alternative theory to interpret the findings of the present study. Having the opportunity to experience inclusion with CWDs made CWODs believe that their peers with disabilities were “more normal.” The notion of normality was especially prevalent in the fifth theme, where CWODs seemed to describe becoming more comfortable around people with disabilities after participating in the program because CWDs were perceived to be “more normal.” This language is reminiscent of Wolfensberger’s normalization principle [54], later called social role valorization [55]. The goal of normalization/social role valorization is the “creation, support, and defense of valued social roles for people who are at risk of social devaluation” [55,p. 435]. People with disabilities, including CWDs, are a group at risk of social devaluation [56]. Integrating children with and without disabilities in the same environment is a way to engage CWDs in socially valued activities (e.g., inclusive recreation, mainstream school) to boost the CWDs’ social image and expectations, which presumably enhances CWDs’ capabilities [56]. Therefore, it is possible that Spiral Garden has a positive impact because CWODs and CWDs participated in the same activities together, leading to improved social image of CWDs in Spiral Garden.
Educational placement of students with autism spectrum disorder and its relation to socioeconomic status, intelligence, and diagnosis
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2020
Special schools for children with ASD are usually designated for children with lower levels of functioning in terms of cognitive functioning, autistic symptoms, or both. The normalization principle (Wolfensberger et al.1972) or in its later formulation, social role valorization theory (Wolfensberger 1983), guides tailored services for different age groups, with an emphasis on life skills, quality of life, and physical and mental wellbeing (Flynn and Lemay 1999, Keen and Ward 2004, Osburn 2006). Children with yet lower cognitive functioning are sometimes placed in special education schools designated for children with IDD. Depending on diagnosis and functioning level, children with ASD may also be placed in special schools, which specialize in psychiatric disorders and IDD, or in schools for dual diagnosis students.
On self-identity: the process of inclusion of individuals with intellectual disabilities in the military
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2019
During the transition into adulthood, an important determinant of development is the undertaking of social roles that are characteristic of adults [45]. Our findings support the social role valorization theory, according to which individuals experience benefits by discharging socially valued roles [46], specifically that of a soldier. Consistent with other studies, serving in this valued role leads to greater self-efficacy, enhanced self-esteem, and greater psychological wellbeing [11]. Other studies have shown that identities that are more important to the individual have greater effect on psychological wellbeing [11]. This is particularly important for individuals with intellectual disability because studies have shown that relatively rarely do they have sufficient opportunities to serve in socially valued roles, especially in meaningful employment [4].