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Melatonin for Prevention and Treatment of Complications Associated with Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy: Implications for Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation
Published in Paloma Tejero, Hernán Pinto, Aesthetic Treatments for the Oncology Patient, 2020
Germaine Escames, Ana Guerra-Librero, Dario Acuña-Castroviejo, Javier Florido, Laura Martinez-Ruiz, Cesar Rodríguez-Santana, Beatriz I Fernandez-Gil, Iryna Russanova
Besides these oncostatic properties, melatonin deserves to be considered in the treatment of cancer for two other reasons. First, because of its hypnotic-chronobiotic properties, melatonin use can allow the clinician to effectively address sleep disturbances, a major comorbidity in cancer. Indeed, as with many other diseases, evidence supports the hypothesis that metabolic rhythm attenuation and/or disruption contributes to the etiology of cancer. Second, because of melatonin's anxiolytic and antidepressant effects, it has a possible application in two other major comorbidities seen in cancer patients—that is, depression and anxiety.
Melatonin: A “Guardian” of the Genome and Cellular Integrity for Prevention of Photocarcinogenesis
Published in Andreia Ascenso, Sandra Simões, Helena Ribeiro, Carrier-Mediated Dermal Delivery, 2017
Patricia Manteigas, Andreia Ascenso
Melatonin as a chronobiotic molecule has been intensively investigated. It is responsible for resynchronize the CC by providing information about light/darkness from the retinohypothalamic system [128]. Furthermore, the synthesis of this molecule follows a circadian rhythm which has been related to the core circadian machinery genes [146].
Melatonin
Published in Linda M. Castell, Samantha J. Stear (Nottingham), Louise M. Burke, Nutritional Supplements in Sport, Exercise and Health, 2015
With increasing levels of international travel, optimizing recovery from jet lag may offer a significant performance advantage. Jet lag occurs in response to a minimum of a 3-zone change at a rate faster than one zone per day and has been suggested to cause decreased performance and increased injury risk, though direct evidence is limited (Paul et al., 2010). Supplemental melatonin appears to reduce both subjective and objective symptoms of jetlag (Atkinson et al., 2003). It is unclear at this point whether the main action is hypnotic, i.e. inducing sleepiness, or chronobiotic, i.e. helping to ‘reset’ the body clock to the new time zone. Rest–activity schedules and physical exercise potentiate entrainment of the circadian system (Escames et al., 2012). However, they are weak Zeitgebers compared to the light–dark cycle. Night-time exercise of moderate or high intensity may cause a phase delay in dim light melatonin onset. A melatonin phase response curve for exercise needs to be clarified. There does not appear to be a performance ‘hangover’ from supplementation taken the night before exercise (Atkinson et al., 2001). However, the use of daytime exogenous melatonin may be more likely to diminish cognitive performance variables than to enhance physical performance (Atkinson et al., 2003, 2005).
Agomelatine decreases cocaine-induced locomotor sensitisation and dopamine release in rats
Published in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry, 2023
Susana Barbosa-Méndez, Gilberto Perez-Sánchez, Alberto Salazar-Juárez
A limitation of this study is related to the dose of agomelatine used. Clinical studies have suggested that a dose of 25 mg/day is the most effective dose for the treatment of the major depressive disorder (Lôo et al. 2002; Harmer et al. 2011; Manikandan 2010). In rodents, studies reported similar results (Redman et al. 1995; Papp et al. 2003; Tchekalarova, Stoynova, et al. 2018; Fathi et al. 2021). These studies showed that the dose range was different if the agomelatine-induced chronobiotic effect or the antidepressant effect were evaluated. For the agomelatine-induced chronobiotic effect, the dose range was between 2.5 and 20 mg/kg (Redman et al. 1995; Wiley et al. 1998); On the other hand, for the antidepressant-like effect, a dose between 10 and 50 mg/Kg was required (Millan et al. 2005; Papp et al. 2006; Tchekalarova et al. 2016). In this study, we found that 10 mg/kg of agomelatine was sufficient to decrease cocaine-induced locomotor activity and induction and expression of locomotor sensitisation. However, doses higher than 10 mg/kg of agomelatine could likely enhance the agomelatine effect on the cocaine-induced locomotor effect.
Melatonin levels are low in COVID-19 positive patients and these levels are associated with depression, death anxiety and insomnia
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation, 2023
Due to its regulatory effect on both peripheral and central oscillators, melatonin is considered to be the best peripheral marker of circadian rhythm [9]. Melatonin is a chronobiotic molecule that regulates the sleep-wake rhythm. Therefore, changes in melatonin levels can affect the sleep process. Melatonin regulates various circadian rhythms such as neuroendocrine rhythms, body temperature and sleep-wake rhythm through MT-1 and MT-2 receptors. This is regulated by the central clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) [3]. Changes in melatonin levels have been reported in some psychiatric disorders. These have been most associated with depressive symptoms, and patients with depressive disorder may experience a decrease and phase shift in nocturnal melatonin secretion. It has been accepted that the disruption in the circadian rhythm of melatonin secretion is also associated with anxiety symptoms such as depression [10].
Effects of melatonin supplementation on eating habits and appetite-regulating hormones: a systematic review of randomized controlled clinical and preclinical trials
Published in Chronobiology International, 2021
Luciana F. R. Nogueira, Elaine C. Marqueze
This systematic review of 15 studies, including clinical and preclinical trials, found that the effect of exogenous melatonin on eating habits and appetite-regulating hormones are still controversial. Of the nine studies that evaluated food intake (Buonfiglio et al. 2018; Farias et al. 2019a; Bahrami et al. 2019), only two found a significant difference (Buonfiglio et al. 2018; Montano et al. 2010). The authors demonstrated that melatonin was able to reduce food intake from 54 to 28 days of supplementation, respectively. It is already established that melatonin has chronobiotic effects and controls the circadian activity of energy metabolism, including the feeding-fasting cycle (Cipolla-Neto et al. 2014). Hence, a possible mechanism to explain the anorexigenic effect of melatonin is that it acts directly on the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of mammals in order to modulate food intake (Buonfiglio et al. 2018).