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Toward a queer feminist bioethics of sexuality
Published in Wendy A. Rogers, Jackie Leach Scully, Stacy M. Carter, Vikki A. Entwistle, Catherine Mills, The Routledge Handbook of Feminist Bioethics, 2022
The historical foci on the oppressive influences of sexuality and reproduction in feminism have typically relied on an understanding of sexuality as heterosexual and structured around the nuclear family. As such, they have reinforced a cis- and heteronormative focus in feminist discussions of sexuality. This focus has, however, been challenged by feminist theorists who have drawn on psychoanalytic theory, such as that developed by Sigmund Freud (e.g. 1953 [1905]). Psychoanalysis can be credited with initiating the understanding of an individual’s sexuality as a construction: instead of natural qualities, sexuality builds on societal, cultural and linguistic processes (Cixous 1990; Irigaray 1985). At the same time, some critics argue that psychoanalysis sexualizes experience, culture and history with unescapably cis- and heteronormative archetypes. Even though there are different feminist views on Freud’s potential queer legacy, the psychoanalytical construction of sexuality and gender identity has greatly affected the medical understanding of sexual and gender variance, shaping the lives and experiences of LGBTQI+ people.
Cautionary Issues
Published in Lisa Zammit, Georgeanne Schopp, Relational Care, 2022
Lisa Zammit, Georgeanne Schopp
LGBT health concerns include depression, increased use of alcohol and other drugs, sexual abuse, and hate violence. Patient comfort is promoted in the initial interaction with staff. With the first phone call, enquiring about preferred pronouns and sexual identity is HIPAA compliant and trust building. Birth gender, sexual preferences, and gender identification become part of the clinical assessment.
Identity Citizenship
Published in Ciarán Mc Mahon, Psychological Insights for Understanding COVID-19 and Media and Technology, 2020
In digital media terms, then, we see a certain set of differences from the dominant kinds of ‘encounter’ I am describing here. The practices through which gender and sexual identity are performative involve encountering the discourses and, in so doing, citing the name, category or signifier of sexual and gender subjectivity. In performing an identity – which is never a conscious or voluntary act – one thus cites and repeats the category and the information given culturally that makes that category intelligible and recognisable to oneself and to others. Such performances are repetitive and come to stabilise over time, retroactively producing the illusion that the performances manifest from a fixed, inner identity core (Butler 1990, p. 143). This continues, no matter how gender and sexuality might be figured. What I am arguing here, however, is that the category, name, norm and signifier are not only without fixity and foundation (Butler 1990, p. 147), but that in the context of digital media environments, they have shifted unexpectedly and substantially. So, for many younger persons and older persons as well, there is a new competing framework or language or taxonomy of gender (beyond masculine/feminine norms) and sexuality (beyond hetero/homo, bisexual and LGBT norms) made available in online settings that might differ from the expectations of gender and sexual identity norms recognisable in everyday dominant liberal–humanist frameworks.
A qualitative assessment of barriers to healthcare and HIV prevention services among men who have sex with men in non-metropolitan areas of the south
Published in AIDS Care, 2023
Carolyn Lauckner, Danielle Lambert, Natalia Truszczynski, Jamieson Trevor Jann, Nathan Hansen
This study found numerous barriers to healthcare among MSM in southern non-metropolitan areas, summarized in Table 2. In order to comprehensively address these barriers, a multi-prong approach is needed spanning different aspects of public health practice and policy. One immediate action item, resulting from the recommendations of many respondents, is for providers in non-metropolitan areas to implement communication strategies indicating an inclusive environment and a willingness to provide LGBTQ-affirming care. Scholars have suggested that clinics can include language in their patient bill of rights, provide literature about LGBTQ health on their website and within their clinic, add identifiers to their attire (e.g., a rainbow pin) and to their office, and enlist in the GLMA Health Professionals Advancing LGBTQ Equality Directory (GLMA, 2021; McClain et al., 2016). If more providers in non-metropolitan areas took these steps, it could alleviate challenges around identifying and “vetting” a local provider, thereby increasing opportunities for MSM to seek care more comfortably in their communities. However, these communication strategies will not address all barriers, especially if non-metropolitan providers are unwilling to provide affirming care or fear community pushback. While LGBTQ individuals in urban areas are increasingly able to access affirming healthcare (Macapagal et al., 2016), this study and others suggest that individuals in non-metropolitan areas continue to experience challenges in finding providers with whom they are comfortable.
Academic LGBTQ+ Terminology 1900-2021: Increasing Variety, Increasing Inclusivity?
Published in Journal of Homosexuality, 2023
Mike Thelwall, Tracey Jayne Devonport, Meiko Makita, Kate Russell, Lois Ferguson
LGBTQ+ stands for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer or questioning and others. The “plus” is used to signify all gender identities and sexual orientations not specifically covered by the other five initials. It may also be written as LGBTQA, with the A signifying either ally (i.e., supportive) or asexual. Identities are central to LGBTQ+ understandings and activism in the Global North (Monro, 2020) and acronyms like LGBTQ+ reflect a parallel drive toward inclusivity and embracing diversity that occurred relatively recently in the Global North. On the negative side, more inclusive acronyms can also be attractive to institutions as a strategy to avoid addressing the needs of individual subgroups (Spencer & Patterson, 2017). Nevertheless, the LGBTQ+ terminologies used by people to describe themselves vary considerably between communities and age groups, within a single country (e.g., the USA: Blechinger, 2016) and internationally (e.g., David, 2021). Countries may conform to the apparently dominant US terminology and model or maintain existing concepts and words (Campbell, Guimarães, Pinho, Martínez-Ávila, & Nascimento, 2017; Fotache, 2019). Individuals may also consider their sexuality or gender to be largely irrelevant and prefer to avoid labels (van Lisdonk, Nencel, & Keuzenkamp, 2018). Public-facing workers need to learn the main terminologies (Rossi & Lopez, 2017; Yeung, Luk, Chen, Ginsberg, & Katz, 2019) to provide good quality services and avoid pathologizing and mistreating LGBTQ+ individuals.
The Tsunamic Model of LGBTQ+ Deaths of Despair: A Systemic Review to Identify Risk Factors for Deaths of Despair Among LGBTQ+ People
Published in Journal of Homosexuality, 2022
Kassie R. Terrell, Robert J. Zeglin, Reagan E. Palmer, Danielle R. M. Niemela, Nathan Quinn
The present lack of research and training to guide treatment and best practices for this community can also lead to misinformed and dangerous practice (Bränström et al., 2016; Gilbert, Pass, Keuroghlian, Greenfield, & Reisner, 2018). For example, a counselor conducting conversion therapy, a form of therapy that involves the practitioner attempting to change the LGBTQ+ client’s sexual orientation, may cause psychological damage to the individual seeking services (Coulter, Kenst, Bowen, & Scout, 2014). While the American Counseling Association (ACA) has banned conversion therapy, or reparative therapy (American Counseling Association: Meeting of the Governing Council, 1999), as it is not an effective treatment modality and can be harmful to clients (Whitman, Glosoff, Kocet, & Tarvydas, 2013), it is the professionals responsibility to stay abreast of and offer well-informed, up-to-date, empirical validated, and effective treatment that is rooted in understanding and awareness of the unique needs and struggles of the LGBTQ+ community. Uninformed Care is an essential component of The Tsunamic Model of LGBTQ+ Deaths of Despair as it has the potential to moderate or exacerbate Risk Amplifiers, Risk Activator, and DOD.