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Testimony Regarding Somatoform Conditions
Published in Kyle Brauer Boone, Neuropsychological Evaluation of Somatoform and Other Functional Somatic Conditions, 2017
Research has shown that personality test results obtained both before and after concussion in patients with chronic postconcussion symptoms are similar and reveal a somatoform orientation (Greiffenstein & Baker, 2001), indicating that the concussion did not “cause” the somatoform behavior. Relatedly, health anxiety in college students, as measured by elevations on scales 1 and 3 of the MMPI-2, is predictive of number of chronic pain conditions 30 years later (Applegate et al., 2005), which also suggests that somatoform orientations are long-standing. The strongest predictor of a new functional somatic syndrome is in fact the number of prior such syndromes (Warren, Langenberg, & Clauw, 2013).
Development of palliative medicine in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Published in Eduardo Bruera, Irene Higginson, Charles F von Gunten, Tatsuya Morita, Textbook of Palliative Medicine and Supportive Care, 2015
Current diagnostic criteria for somatization disorders reflect a focus on medically unexplained or unaccounted for symptoms, but proposed changes to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV suggest a possible shift away from this conceptualization. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV Â 13 defines somatoform disorders as a group of specific disorders or problems characterized by persistent bodily symptoms or concerns that cannot be fully accounted for by a diagnosable disease. Somatization disorder is one of a group of disorders known as somatoform disorders. Hypochondriasis, for example, is the persistent, unfounded worry or conviction, despite adequate medical assurance to the contrary, that one has a serious medical illness. Somatization is a chronic condition consisting of multiple and specific categories of medically unexplained physical complaints that occur over a prolonged period of time. Pain disorder involves the persistence of medically unexplained pain symptoms. In the medical literature, the term "functional somatic syndrome" refers to several syndromes in which the symptoms and subsequent suffering and disability are not fully explained by demonstrable tissue abnormality. Â 14* These patients may express symptoms such as gastrointestinal symptoms and fatigue in addition to pain. Individuals who meet diagnostic criteria for functional somatic syndromes, as defined in the medical literature, have higher rates of somatoform disorders, as defined in the DSM-IV, and higher rates of anxiety and depression. Â 14*
Fibromyalgia
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
Richard E. Harris, Daniel J. Clauw
Virtually nothing regarding “functional” somatic syndromes is agreed upon in the medical community. There is disagreement about the appropriate semantic terms we should use to describe these conditions, whether these conditions have a primarily “physiologic” or psychologic origin, and in particular, whether these are truly disabling conditions. In this chapter, fibromyalgia, a “prototypical” functional somatic syndrome, is discussed.
Commonalities and differences in abnormal peripheral metabolites between patients with fibromyalgia and complex regional pain syndrome
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2020
Ye-Ha Jung, Won Joon Lee, Dasom Lee, Jae Yeon Lee, Jee Youn Moon, Yong Chul Kim, Soo-Hee Choi, Do-Hyung Kang
Although FM and CRPS seem to share many pathophysiological mechanisms, FM is most commonly associated with psychological trauma and CRPS is most often associated with physical trauma [9]. FM is classified as a functional somatic syndrome and a psychosomatic disorder with high levels of psychological distress, and it is defined by its symptoms and signs rather than by any consistently identifiable bodily lesions [11,12]. Inflammatory/stress feedback dysregulation seems to affect FM, and stress is highly associated with pain in FM patients [13,14]. In addition, hypoxia in the muscle sensitizes nociceptors, resulting in hyperalgesia in FM patients [15]. Muscle tension and muscle hypoxia, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of FM [16,17]. Similarly, oxidative stress and inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRPS [18–20]. Furthermore, antioxidant activity has therapeutic potential for the treatment of CRPS I [21,22].