China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Inguinal hernia, hydrocele, and other hernias of the abdominal wall
Published in Mark Davenport, James D. Geiger, Nigel J. Hall, Steven S. Rothenberg, Operative Pediatric Surgery, 2020
Sophia Abdulhai, Todd A. Ponsky
Laparoscopy through the inguinal hernia sac may be performed at this point to evaluate for a contralateral patent processus vaginalis (PPV). The sac can be opened on the most distal end and a 2 mm or 3 mm trocar is advanced into the abdomen and secured with a tie to minimize insufflation leak. The abdomen is insufflated with CO2 to 8–10 mmHg pressure and a 70-degree laparoscope is advanced through the trocar into the abdomen to view the opposite internal ring (Figure 24.6). It may advantageous to have the patient in some degree of Trendelenburg position to aid in moving the bowel out of the pelvis and away from the contralateral internal ring.
Emergency Surgery
Published in Tjun Tang, Elizabeth O'Riordan, Stewart Walsh, Cracking the Intercollegiate General Surgery FRCS Viva, 2020
Alastair Brookes, Yiu-Che Chan, Rebecca Fish, Fung Joon Foo, Aisling Hogan, Thomas Konig, Aoife Lowery, Chelliah R Selvasekar, Choon Sheong Seow, Vishal G Shelat, Paul Sutton, Colin Walsh, John Wang, Ting Hway Wong
How does testicular torsion occur?The majority (90%) are due to congenital malformation of the processus vaginalis (bell-clapper deformity) and are intravaginal.Instead of the testis attaching posteriorly to the inner lining of the scrotum by the mesorchium, the mesorchium terminates early and the testis floats freely in the tunica vaginalis.Newborn infants can develop extra-vaginal torsion when the torsion occurs outside the tunica. The testes are usually necrotic at birth.
Overview of Cryptorchidism with Emphasis on the Human
Published in Tom O. Abney, Brooks A. Keel, The Cryptorchid Testis, 2020
David R. Roth, Larry I. Lipshultz
The processus vaginalis is an outpouching of the fetal peritoneum from which the tunica vaginalis is derived. The processus vaginalis precedes the testes during its descent into the scrotum. The proximal portion of the processus vaginalis obliterates, whereas the portion distal to the external ring, the tunica vaginalis, remains patent, enveloping the testes and epididymis. The inner visceral layer covers the testis, epididymis, and distal spermatic cord. The outer or parietal layer is well attached to the other coverings of the testis and lines the scrotal chamber. The sac between these two layers normally contains a small amount of fluid and pathologically forms a hydrocele. If the processus vaginalis does not obliterate, a patent processus vaginalis or congenital hernia results.
The risk of inguinal hernia repair after radical prostatectomy – a population-based cohort study
Published in Scandinavian Journal of Urology, 2022
Mikko Ahtinen, Jaana Vironen, Teemu J. Murtola
Two possible modifications to the minimally invasive prostatectomy technique to lower the risk of inguinal hernia after surgery have been proposed. They are the spermatic cord isolation method and the processus vaginalis transection method. The first one is the method where the peritoneum is dissected bluntly free from elements of the spermatic cord at the level of the internal inguinal canal. The second method includes similar steps added with transection and ligation of processus vaginalis just distal to the peritoneum. These techniques are intriguing as they may prevent the retraction of transected vas deferens from pulling the peritoneum towards the inguinal canal. They have been suggested to lower the risk of post-surgical inguinal hernia after prostatectomy. Still, the evidence, even from randomized studies, has not changed the standard prostatectomy technique [19].
Image of the month: cyst of the canal of Nuck
Published in Acta Chirurgica Belgica, 2018
Banu Karapolat, Hatice Ayça Ata Korkmaz, Gulgun Kocak, Eser Bulut
Cyst of the canal of Nuck is a rare cause of the swellings occurring in the inguinal area in women. Homologous to the processus vaginalis in men, the canal of Nuck is a pocket-shaped evagination of the parietal peritoneum that follows the same path as the round ligament of the uterus in the inguinal ring. Normally, this canal obliterates at birth or early infant period and loses its connection with the peritoneal cavity, but sometimes it can remain patent. If it remains completely patent, it forms an avenue for an indirect inguinal hernia. Partial proximal obliteration with a patent distal portion causes a cyst of the canal of Nuck, which is also referred to as female hydrocele [1].
A rare case of ventriculoperitoneal shunt malfunction due to scrotal migration of the peritoneal catheter
Published in British Journal of Neurosurgery, 2019
Mitchell Foster, Graeme Wilson, Michael D. Jenkinson, Neil Buxton
We hypothesise that as the peritoneal catheter prolapsed into the scrotum, it applied tension to the proximal catheter and valve, rendering it vulnerable to breakage with movement of the testicle. Shunt catheter prolapse into the scrotum is recognised in the paediatric population due to the unobliterated processus vaginalis, however there are only two published adult cases, both presenting with scrotal symptoms.1,2 We believe this is the first described incidence in an adult to cause acute hydrocephalus. This case is a reminder to ensure adequate imaging of the entire shunt, and to be watchful for multiple points of malfunction.