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Normal Anatomy of the Female Pelvis and Sonographic Demonstration of Pelvic Abnormalities
Published in Asim Kurjak, Ultrasound and Infertility, 2020
Ultrasonic visualization of a uterine fibroid provides in a number of cases a fast and simple diagnosis of the cause of infertility. Infertility is the only symptom in a considerable amount of patients with a uterine fibroid. Large nodes in the posterior uterine wall dislocate the tubes and diminish their motility, so that acceptance and transport of fertilized ova are impossible. Nodes situated close to the sotia tubae uterine can cause mechanical obstruction of the tubes, and submucosal fibromas interfere with nidation.39
Gross Physiological Effects in Higher Animals
Published in Stephen P. Coburn, The Chemistry and Metabolism of 4′-Deoxypyridoxine, 2018
Lauro et al.270 used a dose of 8.5 mg deoxypyridoxine per kilogram body weight intraperitoneally either alone or followed by an equal dose of pyridoxine 60 min later in pregnant rats, mice, and hamsters. The effect of deoxypyridoxine was much less on the eighth day of pregnancy than on the fourth, fifth, or sixth days. The toxicity was somewhat reduced by injection of pyridoxine. The authors assumed that the eighth day was postnidation and that the results indicated a marked decrease in sensitivity to dosage with nidation. They noted that this prenidation phase is frequently overlooked in embryological studies.
Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity Studies by Cutaneous Administration
Published in Rhoda G. M. Wang, James B. Knaak, Howard I. Maibach, Health Risk Assessment, 2017
Rochelle W. Tyl, Raymond G. York, James L. Schardein
Several androgenic hormones have been tested for developmental effects by the topical route. Methyltesterone applied to rats throughout pregnancy increased resorption and disrupted nidation at 10 mg/kg and reduced fetal weights at 1 mg/kg.74 Doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg dehydroepiandrosterone applied topically during gestation to rats resulted in functional changes and slight, short-lived circulatory disturbances.75
Patterns of sex hormone receptor expression in stimulated endometrium from oocyte donors
Published in Human Fertility, 2022
Evelina Manvelyan, Sahar Houshdaran, Juan C. Irwin, Linda C. Giudice, Lusine Aghajanova
Healthy endometrium is an essential prerequisite for successful embryo implantation (Galliano et al., 2015; Teh et al., 2016). Synchronized orchestration of oestrogen and progesterone actions through their cognate receptors regulate endometrial proliferation and differentiation preparing the tissue for embryo nidation (Loutradis et al., 2008). During conventional ovarian stimulation, serum oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) reach supraphysiologic levels. In patients with high serum E2 embryo transfer is often postponed, as it has been shown that very high E2 levels adversely affect embryo transfer outcome. Simon et al. (1995) have demonstrated that IVF patients with E2 levels >2500 pg/mL on the day of ovulation trigger have significantly lower implantation and pregnancy rates compared to patients with lower E2 levels (Simon et al., 1995). Pellicer et al. (1996) showed that higher preimplantation serum E2 levels in “high responders” (defined below) correlated with significantly lower implantation and pregnancy rates, compared to moderate responders (Pellicer et al., 1996). The authors showed that neither P4 levels at the time of ovulation induction or oocyte retrieval nor the numbers of retrieved oocytes were associated with the success of embryo transfer (Pellicer et al., 1996; Simon et al., 1995).
Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae PCR detection in women treated for ectopic pregnancy
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2022
Jana Racková, Jozef Záhumenský, Michael Zikán, Erika Menzlová, Borek Sehnal
Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection is the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide (Chemaitelly et al. 2019). Polymerase chain reaction proved chlamydial nucleic acid in endocervical specimen of 10.1% of Slovak women (Mikulova et al. 2013). The persisting chronic chlamydial infection can be associated with long-term problems such as dyspareunia and signs of dysuria (Peitsidis et al. 2012). However it may be completely asymptomatic in both partners and can manifest later in life as subfertility, tubal occlusion or ectopic pregnancy (Rantsi et al. 2019). Neisseria gonorrheae infection is less common and can manifest symptoms like pelvic inflammatory disease. However, it can also be a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy (Stevens and Criss 2018). While both pathogens can cause a chronic and inapparent infection, we presume that ChT and/or NG nucleic acid can be detected in cervical swab, endometrium or fallopian tube at the time of ectopic nidation. The aim of our study was to verify this hypothesis, confirm anamnestic risk factors for ChT/NG positivity and state appropriate antibiotic therapy of PID in case of statistically significant results.
Primary omental ectopic pregnancy: a case report
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2019
Rawan Bajis, Danii Paterson, Bernadette McElhinney
Primary abdominal ectopic pregnancies are rare and omental pregnancies are the least common form (Poole et al. 2012). Diagnoses are made based on clinical, ultrasonographical, histopathological and surgical findings. The diagnostic criteria for a primary abdominal ectopic pregnancy was first described by Studdiford (1942), whereby the following classical anatomic conditions needed to be met:Normal bilateral tubes and ovaries without evidence of recent or remote injury.No evidence of a uteroplacental fistula.Pregnancy related solely to the peritoneal surface.No evidence of a secondary implantation following an initial primary tubal nidation (Studdiford 1942).