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Asthma
Published in James M. Rippe, Lifestyle Medicine, 2019
David E. Ciccolella, Gilbert E. D’Alonzo
Just as important as warming up appropriately is concentrating on breathing maneuvers during and following exercise. Symptoms can be reduced by breathing warm, humid air rather than cold, dry air. Therefore, swimmers are likely to tolerate their disease better than football players. Certain athletes have learned to breathe through their nose instead of their mouth. This is a difficult technique to master. When athletes learn how to breathe through their nose, especially during periods where heavy breathing is unnecessary, the air that is brought into their lungs is humidified and heated. By breathing deeper and more slowly, the cooling and drying effect of the hyperventilation phenomena can be minimized.
Teaching adapted aquatics
Published in Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize, Developmental and Adapted Physical Education, 2019
Michael Horvat, Ronald V. Croce, Caterina Pesce, Ashley Fallaize
Warm-up (5 to 10 minutes): Warming up with light activity for 5 or more minutes prior to instruction best prepares children for each lesson element that follows. Select activities that systematically and gradually involve all muscles and body parts. Include body stretches, stationary swim strokes, calisthenics (in or out of the water), and walking/running (in the water) to help prepare both mind and body for swimming.
Morphology and skeletal muscle
Published in Francesco E. Marino, Human Fatigue, 2019
In this relatively short chapter, two critical aspects of skeletal muscle will be discussed. First, the relationship between morphology and skeletal muscle adaptability will provide a background for why Homo compromised absolute power for endurance and fatigue resistance. In this case, a comparison with our extinct ancestors, such as Neanderthals, and early modern humans might provide the clues for the choices we made along our evolutionary journey. Second, there is a distinct relationship between skeletal muscle performance and local temperature. Evidence seems to suggest that warmer muscles are better muscles, and the way in which this is typically achieved is by increasing the muscle temperature through physical activity, generally known as “warming up.” Although the reasons for considering this characteristic are not immediately obvious, the fact that “warming up” is a prerequisite for better-performing muscles means that sudden and immediate physical exertion cannot lead to optimal performance. How this might relate to morphology will be discussed.
Effect of physical activity intervention on the musculoskeletal health of university student computer users during homestay
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Rahul Jain, Vibhor Verma, Kunj Bihari Rana, Makkhan Lal Meena
In this analysis, the intervention was PA for users of computers. Physical exercise (squats, lunges, push-ups, crunches, etc.) was the requirement for daily PA of at least 1 h a day [43–46,50–52]. Computer users were asked to install Big Stretch Reminder on their computer (Figure 2). This software was used as a reminder tool for performing PA. Big Stretch is a simple, free reminder tool that enables a user to take daily breaks and helps in reminding of the activity. It is free of charge and does not have any spyware. Users were asked to set the break time of 20 min after every 2 h. After every 2 h, a pop-up notification will appear in their computer window to remind them of a 20-min break. During this 20-min break, users were instructed to undertake inevitable warming up exercises (static running and ballistic stretching) as well as static stretches of the critical muscles (upper and lower limbs). During one repetition, each body section remains stretched for 15 s.
Effects of high intensity interval training and sprint interval training in patients with asthma: a systematic review
Published in Journal of Asthma, 2022
Gamze Ertürk,, Çiçek Günday,, Halenur Evrendilek,, Kübra Sağır,, Gökşen Kuran Aslan,
Since the HIIT/SIT protocols and the evaluated parameters on these protocols are very different in the included studies, the effects of HIIT/SIT were reviewed under the headings of acute responses and chronic effects in our study. The protocols applied to the patients and the warm-up periods before these protocols were different from each other. The most preferred method for the warm-up period was the bicycle ergometer and its duration varied between 2 and 10 min. There is evidence that different warm-up protocols can affect the power of the individual (28). Longer duration and higher intensity during warm up can decrease the power production because of the increased physiological stress (29). However, warming up is necessary to regulate metabolic, neural, and psychological mechanisms before the exercise protocols (30). Since the HIIT and SIT protocols include both low intensity and high intensity parts, future studies could focus on the effects of different warm-up protocols on HIIT/SIT.
Quantifying change of direction load using positional data from small-sided games in soccer
Published in Science and Medicine in Football, 2022
Brenda M.T. Merks, Wouter G.P. Frencken, A.R. Den Otter, Michel S. Brink
In this study, five 5 vs 5 SSGs were played on three different pitch sizes: a large pitch (70 by 45 m; 315 m2 per player), a middle-sized pitch (55 by 38 m; 209 m2 per player), and a small pitch (40 by 30 m; 120 m2 per player). Players completed a standardized warming up prior to the SSGs. The duration of the standardized warming up was 20 minutes and consisted of: jogging, plyometric exercises, short sprints (10 m) and submaximal long sprints (40 m). Plays were divided into five 4-min periods, interspersed with 4 min rest. Official match rules were applied. Of the 25 available players, seven players participated in all three measurements, eight players took part in two measurements and 10 players were involved in a single measurement. Sixteen players were involved in measurements on the large and middle field size, and 15 for the small field.