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Analysis of Clinical Specimens Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry
Published in Steven H. Y. Wong, Iraving Sunshine, Handbook of Analytical Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Toxicology, 2017
K. Owen Ash, Gabor Komaromy-Hiller
In 1996, eight different manufacturers are marketing ICP/MS instrumentation in North America.23 Three companies are actively marketing ICP/MS instruments for analysis of clinical specimens in the service laboratory environment: Perkin-Elmer Corporation (Norwalk, CT); Hewlett-Packard Company (Wilmington, DE); and Varian (Sugar Land, TX). In 1994, Perkin-Elmer introduced their newest version designed and manufactured by Perkin-Elmer SCIEX. Building on their ICP/MS experience since 1983 with earlier models (ELANs 250, 500, and 5000), the ELAN 6000 offers improved computer control, and increased sensitivities plus an optional flow injection system that facilitates microsampling and matrix separation with automatic analyte preconcentration. The Hewlett-Packard model (HP 4500) features a compact bench-top ICP/MS instrument package designed by the Hewlett-Packard and Yokogawa Electric partnership venture for routine use in the demanding environment of the service laboratory. Building on experience with ICP atomic emission spectrometers, Varian designed an ICP/MS unit designated the ULTRA ICP/MS Package Spectrometer System to compete in this emerging instrument market.
Interpersonal or Institutional: Understanding Service User Oppression in Social Service Organizations Through Staff Interactions
Published in Journal of Progressive Human Services, 2023
Susan Ramsundarsingh, Micheal L. Shier
While most recommendations focused on the staff and tools to support staff, participants suggested that the culture of the organization also contributes to oppression (n = 8). Service users acknowledged HSO leadership for both demonstrating positive leadership and modeling oppression. One participant shared: “everything starts at the top, and it all runs down. So, if the people that are running these organizations have respect, not only for their clients but for their staff, and the way they provide the service, I think that’s the first key. The training and all that stuff has to follow” (Mark). Another participant used the example of cultivating land: You can create a culture; you can cultivate a culture. You can say we want honor. We want compassion. So what seeds can we plant? We want to share knowledge of People’s cultures. What seeds can we plant that’s going to grow that? And then what weeds do we need to pull out until you actually have to be very intentional about creating. So I think intentionality is very important and it’s lacking.(Elan).
Cochlear implant datalogging accurately characterizes children’s ‘auditory scenes’
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2021
Hillary Ganek, Deja Forde-Dixon, Sharon L. Cushing, Blake C. Papsin, Karen A. Gordon
Upon completion, audio recordings from the DLPs were uploaded to LENA software from which .wav files were extracted for the entire day. In total, 103 h were recorded by seven LENA DLPs. Human labeling of auditory environments is considered the ‘gold standard.’ The first author listened to each .wav file in its entirety and a second coder listened to a subset of the recordings to confirm reliability. Using ELAN 5.2 software (ELAN, 2018), both coders segmented and labeled each auditory environment in the recording. Segmentations were made when the coder identified a new auditory environment sustained for at least 15 s as per Cochlear’s™ algorithm. Segment lengths ranged from 15 s to 2 h 51 min (M = 3 min 23 s). On average, each daylong recording had 17.1 (SD = 5.6) segments per hour.
Processing syntax: perspectives on language specificity
Published in International Journal of Neuroscience, 2020
Niharika M. K., K. S. Prema Rao
Morpho-syntax is one of the major sub-processes of syntax, which represents syntactic structure through morphological markers. The electrophysiological marker of morpho-syntax is found to elicit considerable negativity in the ERP waveform relatively earlier than P600 [15]. This negativity is observed in the anterior electrodes and lateralized towards the left hemisphere, hence termed as left anterior negativity (LAN). The negativity to morpho-syntax disruptions appears at two distinct time windows depending on the type of violations. Early negativity peaking around 100–300ms is termed as early LAN (ELAN), and that which peaks around 300–500ms is termed as LAN. The functional dissociation between these two potentials is proposed by Friederici [15,29] and Friederici and Weissenborn [40]. According to these researchers, ELAN indexes difficulty in the initial stages of phrase structure building and word category violations [41–43] whereas LAN is elicited due to morpho-syntactic processing difficulties for violations such as subject–verb disagreement [44]. Therefore, it can be said that the structure of the language influences the principles of syntactic and morphosyntactic processing. The ease or difficulty in processing can be attributed to the different characteristics of syntax and morpho-syntax, such as word order, agglutination, inflection, derivational properties of the language under study.