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Published in Mario P. Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990
Oxygen extraction ratio. (OER) Defined as the ratio of the net oxygen equivalent of substrate extracted by tissue assuming substrate is completely oxidized to CO2 and H2O to the net oxygen extraction by tissue.
REcovery and SURvival of patients with moderate to severe acute REspiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19: a multicenter, single-arm, Phase IV itolizumab Trial: RESURRECT
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2023
Raveendra KR, Chirag Rathod, Rahul Darnule, Subramanian Loganathan, Sarika Deodhar, Radhika A, Ashwani Marwah, Nitin M Chaudhari, Binay K Thakur, Sivakumar Vaidyanathan, Sandeep Nilkanth Athalye
Mortality at 1 month has been observed to be 19.4%, 35%, and 15.2% in the control arms and 19.7%, 31%, and 11.4% in the treatment arms of the COVACTA, RECOVERY (tocilizumab), and ACTT-1 trials, respectively [29,30,36]. A lower percentage of patients received systemic corticosteroids in the COVACTA (tocilizumab, 33.7%; control, 52.1%) and ACTT-1 (remdesivir, 21.6%; control, 24.4%) trials although a higher proportion of patients received steroids in the RECOVERY trial (tocilizumab, 82%; control, 82%) and in the current study (itolizumab, 85.3%). In the RECOVERY and COVACTA tocilizumab-treated arms, patients who required any supplemental oxygen (equivalent to score-5 on the COVID-19 8-point ordinal scale) had mortality rates of 19% and 11.5% and those requiring NIV/HFNC (equivalent to score-6 on the ordinal scale) had mortality rates of 38% and 19.1%, respectively [29,35]. In the current study, mortality was 2.7% for ordinal score-5 and 17.9% for ordinal score-6 patients treated with itolizumab for 30 days. The all-cause mortality at Day 90 was 8.0%, resulting in a mortality rate of 1.3% during the extended follow-up period.
Elevated body temperature contributes to the increased heart rate response during eccentric compared to concentric cycling when matched for oxygen consumption
Published in Temperature, 2021
Tor Eiken, Amelia J. Harrison, Catriona A. Burdon, Herbert Groeller, Gregory E. Peoples
The acute thermal response to moderate load eccentric cycling is augmented, in association with an elevated heart rate [12], compared to an oxygen equivalent concentric cycling condition. These perturbations in the body’s temperatures were most evident in the significantly faster rate of rise in the aural temperature (+0.5°C) above the starting baseline. Furthermore, mean skin and body temperature were significantly increased, along with the participants’ thermal discomfort, during the eccentric cycling and these elevations in temperature were evident within as little as 5 min from the commencement of cycling and most obvious at the time of exercise termination (target temperature) when absolute heart rate was significantly correlated with mean skin temperature.