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Lung Consilidation, Ground Glass Shadowing, Obstructive Emphysema, Collateral Air-draft, Mucocoeles, patterns of Collapse, Lung Torsion and Herniation.
Published in Fred W Wright, Radiology of the Chest and Related Conditions, 2022
The early appearance may be partly physiological in the dependent lung cortex (p. 8.6). It may also be simulated by normal lung which appears denser than hyperaerated lung, as with emphysema, bronchiolitis, and cryptogenic organising pneumonia, etc. (see also ps. 3.31 - 3.33). An air bronchogram may be present. Localised ground-glass shadowing may be seen with some adenocarcinomas and with bronchioloadenocarcinomas or bronchial adenomas in association with air bronchograms (see Illus. AIR BRON IN CA),
Fetal and neonatal medicine
Published in Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge, MCQs in Paediatrics, 2020
Jagdish M. Gupta, John Beveridge
4.19. An infant delivered at 32 weeks' gestation develops respiratory distress soon after birth with marked chest recession. At the age of 4 h he has a cyanotic episode. Chest X-ray shows ground-glass appearance with an air bronchogram. This presentation is consistent with the diagnosis ofhyaline membrane disease.meconium aspiration.wet lung.bacterial infection.tracheo-oesophageal fistula.
Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Published in Adam T. Hill, F. X. Emmanuel, W.H.B. Wallace, Pulmonary Infection, 2004
Adam T. Hill, F. X. Emmanuel, W.H.B. Wallace
The CT images in 1.2 reveal the features of pneumonia, with air space consolidation and an air bronchogram present. The air bronchogram is seen because patent bronchi are visible against airless alveoli filled with exudative fluid.
Steroid alternatives for managing eosinophilic lung diseases
Published in Expert Opinion on Orphan Drugs, 2021
Quentin Delcros, Matthieu Groh, Mouhamad Nasser, Jean-Emmanuel Kahn, Vincent Cottin
Over the years, owing to the increasing body of literature, the features of this disease were progressively outlined. In 1977, Gaensler et al. reported a very good positive predictive value of the peripheral subpleural opacities (‘photographic-negative pulmonary edema’) using chest roentgenography for the diagnosis of ICEP [3] in a large cohort of patients (n = 591) with interstitial lung disease. A couple of years later, Dejaegher et al. reported that bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) findings among five patients exhibited a predominant eosinophilic pattern (median 42% of eosinophils) that faded out on oral glucocorticoids [4]. Over the years, around 50 cases were reported in various case reports and case series [5–8] until Marchand et al. shed further light into the disease’s clinical picture with the report of 62 additional cases through the French study group of orphan lung diseases [2]. There are no consensus diagnostic criteria; however, the following criteria are commonly used both within studies and in daily practice: (i) Clinical symptoms suggestive of ICEP (low-grade fever, weight loss, chronic cough, dyspnea); (ii) Duration of symptoms >2 to 4 weeks; (iii) Predominantly peripheral infiltrates on chest radiograph or diffuse pulmonary alveolar consolidation with air bronchogram and/or ground-glass opacities; (iv) Blood eosinophilia >1000 mm3 and/or BAL (differential cell count >15% to 40% among studies) [8–12].
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of chronic noninfectious respiratory diseases
Published in Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 2021
Angelica Tiotiu, Herberto Chong Neto, Andras Bikov, Krzysztof Kowal, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Marina Labor, Ivan Cherrez-Ojeda, Hector Badellino, Alexander Emelyanov, Rocio Garcia, Guillermo Guidos
Considering the clinical and radiological presentation of the patients with LC and COVID-19, and the risk factors for poor outcomes (e.g. age, comorbidities, immunosuppression related to underlying malignancy and anti-cancer therapies) the management of the patients with LC during the pandemic represented a challenge for the clinicians. The worsening of respiratory symptoms in LC patients associated with ground-glass opacities, crazy paving patterns, consolidations with air bronchogram and pleural effusion (similar to SARS-CoV-2 infection) could be related to disease progression, opportunistic infections, pneumonitis induced by ICIs, TKIs radiotherapy or chemotherapy and other complications like PE or cardiac insufficiency [163–165]. The early detection of COVID-19 could be difficult in these patients if the RT-PCR testing is negative [165]. Conversely, SARS-CoV-2 infection could lead to inflammation that may help tumor growth, a process called pro-tumor inflammation, thus a real disease progression could be seen in these patients [166]. Comprehensive examination for differential diagnosis and etiological identification by multidisciplinary teams including oncologist, pulmonologist, radiologist, radiotherapy and infectious disease specialist are mandatory in these situations.
Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Adult Patients with Sickle Cell Disease and Acute Chest Syndrome: a Single-Center Experience
Published in Hemoglobin, 2020
Ferras Alashkar, Frank Herbstreit, Alexander Carpinteiro, Julia Baum, Asterios Tzalavras, Carmen Aramayo-Singelmann, Colin Vance, Veronika Lenz, Erich Gulbins, Dirk Reinhardt, Dietrich W. Beelen, Ulrich Dührsen, Alexander Röth, Michael Koldehoff, Tobias Liebregts
As ABG revealed a respiratory global insufficiency with a mixed metabolic and respiratory acidosis (Table 1), the patient was intubated following bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and initiation of broad-spectrum iv antibiotic treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam. The chest CT scan revealed bilateral pulmonary consolidations with a positive air-bronchogram in part with ground-glass components (Figure 2). In the cerebral CT scan, acute ischemia or cerebral bleeding was excluded. Her electrocardiogram (ECG) showed a HR of 144 beats/min., RR interval 426 ms, QT 258 ms, QTc 393 ms with no evidence for acute ST/T wave changes. In the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), a normal ejection fraction (EF) of 60.0% was identified, revealing regular valves except for a mild tricuspid valve insufficiency (I–II°) with a normal left wall thickness and a normal diastolic function and no evidence of regional wall motion abnormalities.