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Intellectual Development of Children in Gypsy Families in Romania
Published in Walter J. Lonner, Dale L. Dinnel, Deborah K. Forgays, Susanna A. Hayes, Merging Past, Present, and Future in Cross-Cultural Psychology, 2020
The inventory consists of 61 questions. To evaluate the educative attitudes, the scores are summed within each of the five groups. High scores mean respectively: high rejection, high cooperation, high symbiosis, high authoritarianism, and high infantilization. The raw test scores are substituted by percentage, according to a special scale. Respectively, a percentage greater than 50 indicates a high score.
Deception and Psychosis
Published in Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier, Detecting Malingering and Deception, 2020
Harold V. Hall, Joseph G. Poirier
SVT is also called Explicit Alternative Testing (EAT) or forced choice testing. Essentially SVT’s apply statistical probability analysis to the scoring on forced choice testing of sensory or cognitive functioning. The essential concept is that when faced with choices over a series of trials, even with guesses, examinees will achieve at a level of chance. For example, over a series of 100 trials, the chance expectation would be 50 trials correct, 50 trials wrong; actual scores are then subjected to probability curves for likelihoods of accurate responding or deliberate mis-responding, with the latter finding indicating deception. Test scores are rated at high confidence intervals (usually well above 90th percentile).
Norms and Scores
Published in Lucy Jane Miller, Developing Norm-Referenced Standardized Tests, 2020
Standard scores express an individual’s distance from the mean in terms of standard deviation or variability of the distribution. As previously described, a percentile only indicates how a specific individual’s test score compares to other examinees from the standardization sample. However, a standard score represents in standard deviation units where an examinee’s score is with reference to the mean of the distribution of the standardization sample.
Chronic subjective dizziness among an aging population is associated with amyloid positron emission tomography and neuropsychiatric symptoms
Published in Hearing, Balance and Communication, 2022
Cognitive testing included nine tests to assess performance in four cognitive domains: memory, attention/executive function, language, and visuospatial skills (R.C.) [7,8]. Individual test scores were converted to z-scores (using the mean and standard deviation [SD] from the MCSA 2004 enrolment cohort). The individual z-scores were then averaged to generate four cognitive domain scores which we also converted to z-scores. Finally, from the average of the four-domain z-scores, we created a global cognitive score, which was converted to a z-score (by subtracting the mean and dividing by the SD). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) was considered if the domain score was ≥1.0 SD below the mean. In a weekly meeting, the study coordinator, the physician, and a neuropsychologist reviewed all information for each participant, and a diagnosis of MCI (R. C.) [11], dementia [12] or normal cognition was made by consensus.
The assessment of executive functioning in pediatric patients with posterior fossa tumors: A recommendation to combine caregiver-based ratings and performance-based tests
Published in Developmental Neurorehabilitation, 2022
Hoffmann-Lamplmair Doris, Ritter Irene, Leiss Ulrike, Slavc Irene, Pletschko Thomas
By comparing the T-scores in BRIEF, SDQ, TMT-B and Number Repetition (MANOVA, t-test or the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test) of patients with and without the need of special educational support (f.i. special curriculum, support classes, class repeats), we analyzed concurrent criterion-based validity. The nominal data measurement scale did not allow us to perform such analyses for WCST and CKV. Additionally, the test scores were categorized as below or within the norm. In the BRIEF questionnaire T-scores above 60 were labeled as below the norm. Contrarily, T-scores under 40 were categorized as below the norm in WCST/CKV, TMT-B, Number Repetition and SDQ. Sensitivities and specificities of the test measures are depicted in %. Moreover, we specifically investigated patients who were below three years of age at tumor diagnosis. In this analysis, we described how many of these patients performed below the norm (%) in BRIEF, WCST/CKV, TMT-B and Number Repetition.
Psychotropic Use among Older Adults Living at Home: Use of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Drug Classification System and Beers Criteria®
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2021
G. H. Gunnarsdottir, MS, RN, A. K. Sigurdardóttir, PHD, RN, K. Ólafsson, MA, G. K. Kristofersson, PHD, RN, PMKNP-BC
The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) consists of 30 questions, scored as 0 or 1 points, and the points are added together to give the final score. Higher scores indicate more depression (Yesavage et al., 1982). The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) assesses cognitive function as attention, orientation, memory, and calculation. Scores range from 0–30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function (Folstein et al., 1975; Valdimarsdóttir et al., 2000). The instruments have been evaluated for psychometric properties in older adults. As a standardized measure of bodily pain, The Short Form 36-item health survey SF-36® was used. The raw test scores were transformed to scaled scores, which can range from 0 to 100, where a higher number indicates a more favorable level of health (Ware, 2000).