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Peripheral neurological
Published in Ian Mann, Alastair Noyce, The Finalist’s Guide to Passing the OSCE, 2021
Start distally at the toes, and move proximally until the patient is able to correctly sense the direction of movement. Ensure that you show the patient which way is up and which is down when their eyes are open, before asking them to close their eyes to assess their JPS.
Building on intellectual traditions
Published in John A. Bilorusky, Principles and Methods of Transformative Action Research, 2021
Dewey believed that educators must challenge and support learners and do so with an understanding of the experiences and viewpoints of the learners themselves. He believed that the aims of education should include helping people to see the world holistically, in terms of interconnections and dynamic possibilities for change. He was against what he saw to be the artificial dichotomies of objective-subjective, end-means, theory-practice, and content-process. I’ve always especially appreciated his idea that it is important to have a sense of direction rather than a goal. By this, he meant that if one has a goal, one has predetermined exactly where one is headed, but if one has a direction, one begins in that direction, and quite importantly, one’s direction may change as one learns more, based on one’s action-and-inquiry. In this way, action-and-inquiry can be transformative, because we have not prematurely committed to, or fixated on, a specific goal.
Clarify vision and direction
Published in Amar Rughani, Joanna Bircher, The Leadership Hike, 2020
In practical terms, a vision is a short phrase, developed by the team and not owned by an individual, that reminds us why what we are doing matters and where we are going with it. It therefore gives us a sense of direction in addition to a sense of purpose.
Anxiety and Spatial Navigation in Williams Syndrome and Down Syndrome
Published in Developmental Neuropsychology, 2022
Emily K. Farran, Kerry D. Hudson, Amelia Bennett, Aan Ameen, Iliana Misheva, Badri Bechlem, Mark Blades, Yannick Courbois
We measured general anxiety using the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS; Spence, 1997a) and situation-specific navigation anxiety using our novel measure of navigation anxiety. Navigation was measured using the Santa Barbara Sense of Direction Scale (SBSOD; Hegarty, Richardson, Montello, Lovelace, & Subbiah, 2002) and our novel measure of navigation competence. Sense of direction refers to the ability to orient within space (e.g., directions, configural knowledge) and has been associated with personality traits such as conscientiousness, intellect, emotional stability, and extraversion (Condon et al., 2015). We included a measure of sense of direction because it has been suggested that low sense of direction relates to uncertainty and low navigation-specific confidence (Cornell, Sorenson, & Mio, 2003) and navigation anxiety (Lawton & Kallai, 2002). It has also been suggested that sense of direction can be improved through navigational experience (Condon et al., 2015). If navigational experience is limited due to anxiety, it follows that sense of direction might be poor.
Impairments in spatial navigation during walking in patients 70 years or younger with mild stroke
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2020
Charlotta Hamre, Brynjar Fure, Jorunn Lægdheim Helbostad, Torgeir Bruun Wyller, Hege Ihle-Hansen, Georgios Vlachos, Marie Helene Ursin, Gro Gujord Tangen
The major limitation of this study is the lack of pre-stroke information about spatial navigation ability, both performance-based and self-reported. There is a common acceptance that individual differences in sense of direction exist, and we cannot conclude that the observed impairments in spatial navigation at 12 months were caused by the stroke.47 Furthermore, we do not have information about rehabilitation interventions after stroke, and could thus not adjust for this in the regression analyses. Several physical therapists were involved in the assessments, which may affect the inter-rater reliability. Here, we think the pre-study training of the assessment procedures might have limited this bias. Another limitation is the larger proportion of men included. More men than women experience a stroke at a younger age48; however, the presence of 80% men in this sample exceeded the anticipated gender bias, limiting the generalizability of our findings for female stroke patients. A major strength of the study is the large sample size with very few drop-outs, the longitudinal design and the use of performance-based as well as self-reported outcomes for spatial navigation.
Effect of Bilateral and Unilateral Plantarflexor Muscle Fatigue on Blind Navigation Precision and Gait Parameters
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2020
Natalie Richer, Etienne J. Bisson, Martin Bilodeau, Nicole Paquet, Yves Lajoie
Spatial navigation, the ability to maintain a sense of direction and location when moving in the environment (Wolbers & Hegarty, 2010), involves a complex interaction between environmental and self-motion sensory cues, spatial computations and executive processes, and online and offline spatial representations (Wolbers & Hegarty, 2010 for a review on the topic). When humans navigate without vision, they obtain self-motion cues from vestibular inputs, somatosensory inputs and motor efference copies (Böök & Gärling, 1981). They rely on internal spatial representations built from memory (Thorndyke & Hayes-Roth, 1982). As they move, individuals use spatial computations and executive processes to update their position relative to the remembered environment. Therefore, blind navigation is a complex interaction and integration of motor, sensory and cognitive functions (Trullier, Wiener, Berthoz & Meyer, 1997).