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Sex Chromosome Anomalies
Published in Merlin G. Butler, F. John Meaney, Genetics of Developmental Disabilities, 2019
L. Hamerton John, A. Evans Jane
Polysomy Y conditions are rare. In total, 12 cases have been reported in the literature; eight 48,XYYY, three 49,XYYYY, and one 49,XXYYY (124). The first case of 48,XYYY reported was a five-year-old boy, ascertained because of psychomotor retardation (136). As with 47,XYY, there is no consistent phenotype. Most of the adults are tall, and have minor malformations such as transverse palmar creases, clinodactyly, and abnormal teeth. Genitalia are normal, but five out of the six adults had hypogonadism with azoospermia. Development was delayed, especially with respect to motor and speech development. IQs were in the low normal range with a range of 60–86. Behavior has been characterized by impulsivity and low frustration tolerance, with occasional aggressive outbursts and poor emotional stability (124).
The Narcissistic Couple
Published in Len Sperry, Katherine Helm, Jon Carlson, The Disordered Couple, 2019
Initial assessment was a crucial component of working with this couple. Part of this assessment included identifying the severity and frequency of NPD characteristics for Jane and depression and anxiety symptoms for Patrick. It was very clear that the Jane’s problems were not temporary or recent; she had struggled with them for years, and her problems were becoming increasingly negative, whereas Patrick’s depressive history seemed to begin when he and Jane had children. Jane was also evaluated for additional mental health issues before treating her NPD. The couple agreed that Jane’s anger and Patrick’s withdrawal after her anger responses were the critical dynamic in their relationship that caused significant issues between them. Therefore, the focus in treatment began with assessment and cognitive preparation where the therapist and clients spent time identifying the anger patterns (triggers, etc.) in their own words, the function that anger served for them, and an introduction to the underlying principle of REBT, being that their underlying beliefs about the world, others, and themselves is what causes the low frustration tolerance and subsequent struggles with anger. Patrick’ tendency to emotionally withdrawal after Jane’s angry responses towards him was also analyzed and the couple was asked to deconstruct this dynamic as it was occurring at home.
Exploring employment following traumatic brain injury in persons who completed an insurer funded vocational rehabilitation program in Australia
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Lauren Libeson, Pamela Ross, Marina Downing, Jennie Ponsford
Behavioural and emotional problems also interfered with work performance. Some participants reported low frustration tolerance and difficulty controlling their anger: P11 reported “I think irritability and aggression is my biggest challenge and it comes, as you're not the same as before” (45–50 yo female, severe TBI, 8 yrs post-injury). A number of participants reported experiencing anxiety, depression, and stress which also impacted on their families and personal lives: “It’s been really tough, and I still see the doc, and to help me understand and I've had some blow ups with alcohol and stuff, and my family has been through some stuff … it's been rather traumatic,” (P88, 50–55 yo male, moderate TBI, 2 yrs post-injury). Several participants also reported suicidal ideation as a result of difficulties experienced at work, loss of self-confidence, and inability to perform pre-injury roles, or maintain employment all together. In contrast, one participant felt her behaviour had improved: “My sisters told me that I was a lot nicer (not that I wasn't before) but I think it affected me in a positive way” (P69; 25–30 yo male, moderate TBI, 2 yrs post-injury).
Understanding ADHD in Black Adolescents in Urban Schools: A Qualitative Examination of Factors that Influence ADHD Presentation, Coping Strategies, and Access to Care
Published in Evidence-Based Practice in Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 2022
Nellie Shippen, Sha Raye Horn, Patricia Triece, Andrea Chronis-Tuscano, Michael C. Meinzer
Black Adolescents with ADHD in low-income, urban areas are influenced by several individual level characteristics, including their own ADHD symptomatology, ability to cope, comorbid psycho- pathology, and individual strengths. These findings were consistent with prior literature implicating the influence of ADHD symptoms (M. Krueger & Kendall, 2001), coping skills (Harty et al., 2017; Kim et al., 2016; Molina et al., 2005), depressive/emotional symptoms (Hechtman et al., 2016; Howard et al., 2019), and individual strengths (Fugate et al., 2013; Harty et al., 2017) on the lived experiences and long-term outcomes of youth with ADHD. Both positive and negative individual-level factors and experiences in turn shape how adolescents with ADHD interact with their environments. Individual-level negative factors identified in our study included low frustration tolerance and ineffective coping strategies. These results aligned with previous work linking these negative characteristics with adverse consequences (e.g., depression, substance use) in adolescents with ADHD (Harty et al., 2017; Seymour et al., 2014).
Irrational beliefs and choking under pressure: A preliminary investigation
Published in Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2021
Christopher Mesagno, Stephanie J. Tibbert, Edward Buchanan, Jack T. Harvey, Martin J. Turner
Having met this first primary categorization, IBs can then be further characterized into how the belief is framed and judged. The three secondary IBs are “awfulizing”, “low frustration tolerance”, and “depreciation” (David et al., 2009). Awfulizing IBs focus on the less desirable outcomes of a specific event occurring, ignoring or denying any positive alternate outcomes (Dryden, 2009), leading to an individual framing the consequences as disastrous when the initial demand is not met (e.g., “It will be catastrophic if I do not kick this goal”). Low frustration tolerance IBs center on the individual’s inability to accept undesirable, non-preferential outcomes and highlight the intolerable, frustrating, and uncomfortable aspects that would come from potential failure (David et al., 2009; Dryden, 2012). A low frustration tolerance IB statement might be, “I will not be able to bear it if I do not win this match”. Depreciation IBs are directed toward the agents that are involved in the event occurring, such as self, others, or surrounding environment. Depreciation IBs involve an unreasonable judgement that the sole worth of the individual, group, or environmental factor relates to the event outcome, with an example being “I am a bad person if I do not score highly in this round” (Dryden, 2009; Turner et al., 2014).