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Behavioural thought processes – child sex offending (cycle of thought and deed)
Published in Adrian Powell, Paedophiles, Child Abuse and the Internet, 2018
In the case of the continuous cycle, offenders will re-trace each of the stages of the cycle, selecting a new victim each time. This is perhaps the most common in the case of an offender with an indecent exposure pattern, where, having sexually offended, he will repeat the pattern in its entirety.
Disordered and offensive sexual behaviour
Published in John C. Gunn, Pamela J. Taylor, Forensic Psychiatry, 2014
Don Grubin, Jackie Craissati, Harvey Gordon, Don Grubin, John Gunn, David Middleton, Don Grubin, Gisli Gudjonsson, John Gunn, Donald J West
‘Indecent exposure of the male person with intent to insult a female’ is the statutory definition of the offence colloquially known as ‘flashing’. In clinical terms, it is the urge to expose the genitals, usually before strangers, in a public place. It is one of the most common of heterosexual offences but, judging from the large number of ‘one time only’ offenders, it is a form of behaviour that is not necessarily indicative of a persistent tendency. Sometimes, however, literally hundreds of such incidents occur before an offender is finally reported and apprehended, and some men are reconvicted repeatedly over the best part of a lifetime, seemingly incapable of resisting the temptation, in spite of the most damaging social consequences to themselves. Exhibitionism is a form of sexual disturbance that, despite its superficially innocuous nature, can be extremely persistent and disruptive. A small minority of exhibitionists escalate their offending and in the course of time commit sexual assaults, but this seems to be the exception. Mohr et al. (1964) reported that, in a Toronto study, the reconviction rate for first offenders was 19%, 57% for those with a previous sexual offence, and 71% for those with previous sexual and non-sexual offences. In a follow-up study, those who received treatment did not differ in terms of reconviction rates from those who did not receive treatment.
Words matter: A qualitative content analysis of campus crime alerts and considerations for best practices
Published in Journal of American College Health, 2022
Jennifer K. Wesely, Elizabeth R. Brown, Curtis E. Phills
One solution to overgendering is to avoid positing the victim as subject (or invoking the victim at all) when alerting the campus community to crime. Another alternative is to replace gendered identifiers with gender-neutral ones. Such language does emerge in alerts through the use of stand-alone words like “affiliate,” “student,” “resident,” “victim,” “survivor,” “person,” “they” or “their.” University P provides one example: “The police are investigating a report of indecent exposure reported on March 7 at about 8:00 p.m. at McNeil Hall. Police received a report from two people that a man in a green Ford pickup truck with Wisconsin license plates was exposing himself.” In this alert all the relevant information including the time, date, location of the crime, and a description of the vehicle are foregrounded, while those who made the report are peripheral. Nothing is lost by leaving out victim characteristics. University F also provided this campus crime alert: “On September 2, 2015 at 2:00 p.m. a student reported to UPD they have been receiving racial and offensive comments referencing their nationality and sexuality in the vicinity of their residence.” This campus crime alert was unusual because the alert language protected the student’s identity, particularly in terms of the gender and race characteristics that may have motivated the crime.
Using biofeedback to improve emotion regulation in sexual offenders with intellectual disability: a feasibility study
Published in International Journal of Developmental Disabilities, 2019
Emma Gray, Anthony Beech, John Rose
Of the participants, four had police cautions or convictions for sexual offences. This included indecent exposure, sexual assault, indecent sexual assault, and abduction of a child. All participants had a history of harmful sexual behaviors towards others, the nature and severity of these behaviors varied. Behaviors classed as sexually harmful were assigned due to the lack of arrest, caution, or conviction. Some of the behaviors classed as sexually harmful would have been considered offences, however individuals evaded police attention and prosecution, probably as a result of their intellectual disability (Murphy et al.2010, Singh et al.2011). The behaviors included exposure, public masturbation, threats to rape, sexually inappropriate and offensive comments, sexual intercourse with a canine, possession of images of children and animals, attempts to sexually assault a female relative, rape of a female relative, inappropriate sexualized behavior including touching, and touching the genital area of a female staff member without her consent.
Should I call for help?: Examining the influences of situational factors and bystander characteristics on reporting likelihood
Published in Journal of School Violence, 2019
The third and fourth research questions of this project focus on the impact of the type of crime context on bystander intervention and the relationship between group size and bystander intervention. The larger pattern in the broader bystander intervention literature is that the larger the threat to a victim, the more likely a bystander is to intervene (Cramer, Mcmaster, Bartell, & Dragna, 1988; Harari, Harari, & White, 1985; Moriarty, 1975; Obermaier et al., 2016; Schwartz & Gottlieb, 1976, 1980). Again, the general approach is to lump together indirect and direct versions of intervention in inferential models, but to discuss descriptive findings for both direct and indirect intervention. Nicksa (2014) found that a hypothetical physical assault condition provided the highest reported likelihood of indirectly intervening in relation to a theft and an ambiguous sexual assault. In response to these earlier findings, the researchers hypothesize respondents presented with the more serious crime types of physical assault, indecent exposure, and weapon possession on a college campus will be more likely to state they would indirectly intervene than subjects presented with the petty larceny condition.