China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
The Instincts as the Subject, Mechanism, and Means of Education
Published in L.S. Vygotsky, V.V. Davydov, Silverman Robert, Educational Psychology, 2020
But it goes without saying that these sexual experiences assume entirely different forms than the sexual experiences of the adult. Above all, in childhood we encounter a kind of highly developed eroticism not associated with the functioning of particular organs nor localized at strictly demarcated sites, but rather excited by the functioning of the most varied organs and associated chiefly with the mucous membranes of the body, the so-called erogenous zones. Further, the very character of this eroticism distinguishes it from the eroticism of the adult in certain ways; it assumes the form of auto-eroticism, i.e., eroticism directed at oneself, as well as psychologically healthy narcissism, i.e., the state in which erotic excitations emanate from one’s own body and find their resolution there. It would have been utterly incongruous for such an important system as the sexual system to have existed entirely independently from everything else and to manifest itself all of a sudden with the onset of a certain age.
The Doctor
Published in Shamit Kadosh, Asaf Rolef Ben-Shahar, Incorporating Psychotherapeutic Concepts and Interventions Within Medicine, 2019
Shamit Kadosh, Asaf Rolef Ben-Shahar
Narcissism is a complex concept which carries a variety of meanings, extending from a healthy and important developmental achievement to a potentially destructive personality disorder (Rolef Ben-Shahar, 2014). The foundation of healthy narcissism concerns agency—appropriately gauging our capacity to respond in this world. It is the feeling of self-esteem along with the ability to be self-confident and enjoy power in line with reality (Kohut, 1971). Narcissism is about being central agents in our own life and narcissistic injuries involve distorted perception of our power and centrality. It is not necessarily about feeling egotistical or self-important. In the airplane vignette, for instance, the feeling that the patient’s suffering was my responsibility reflected a narcissistic position. Most people did not experience themselves activated by this man’s pain, or responsible for helping him. We wish to emphasise, therefore, that a healthy amount of narcissism is not only necessary for a good life (someone who knows their worth and considers their desires and hopes to be important avenues to pursue), but is also important to make this world a better place—people who feel that they have to do something worthy manifest narcissistic tendencies. Pathological aspects of narcissism occur when the person either makes everything about them, for better or worse (if a patient’s condition worsens, it is your personal responsibility and fault), or lose track of reality by being imbalanced in how they integrate responsibility with other factors.
Implicitly Regulating the Stress of Oppression: Re-establishing Safety in Intercultural Practice
Published in Smith College Studies in Social Work, 2018
Racial oppression refers to the individual, institutional, and structural prejudices and discriminations that intentionally or unintentionally disadvantage certain racial groups (Adams et al., 2000). Cultural oppression is the disadvantaging of conflicting cultural worldviews and values and the positioning of one as inferior to hinder a person’s sense of self-affirmation and healthy narcissism (Freire, 1998; Miliora, 2000). Sue (2010) indicates that the daily occurrences of microaggressions, despite appearing small and harmless, can have a strong impact on the oppressed individual’s psychological well-being. Paradies et al.’s (2013) review of empirical studies provides evidence of strong associations between racial oppression and poor mental health and a range of adverse health outcomes. In some cases, merely the anticipation of racial oppression itself is enough to trigger in the individual a psychological and cardiovascular stress response (Sawyer, Major, Casad, Townsend, & Mendes, 2012). The stress related to frequent exposure to racial and cultural oppression can compromise the individual’s capacity for self-regulation and shatter her sense of safety and social connection.