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Private Life
Published in David E. Orlinsky, How Psychotherapists Live, 2022
D. E. Orlinsky, M. J. Schofield, H. Wiseman, M. H. Rønnestad
Avoidant Attachment was also significantly and negatively correlated with Genial/Caring. The overall value was r = -.34, but again it tended to be higher for Younger therapists (r = -.39) and for men (r = -.41). High Avoidant Attachment strongly counteracts the therapist’s inclination to be self-bestowing.
Attachment in young people
Published in Robert McAlpine, Anthony Hillin, Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Adolescents, 2020
Robert McAlpine, Anthony Hillin
Young people with anxious avoidant attachment often have had early life experiences in which care was inadequate. These young people develop working models of relationships in which care will never be sufficient, if it is provided at all. They believe their attachment needs will not be met. Due to those early life experiences, these young people approach adolescence with suspicion of the motives of others. They often demonstrate such behaviour as compulsive self-reliance, often forming only superficial relationships or avoiding closeness altogether. As a result, their social support networks tend to be insubstantial or, at best, transitory, and they have little in the way of psychosocial backup when things go wrong.
A mindfulness relationship-based model to support maternal mental health and the mother-baby relationship in pregnancy and beyond birth
Published in Antonella Sansone, Cultivating Mindfulness to Raise Children Who Thrive, 2020
A longitudinal study revealed that women with higher avoidant attachment styles and greater depressive symptoms were more likely to have children with early developmental problems than those women with less avoidant attachment styles and less depressive symptoms (Alhusen et al., 2013). When a parent is upset and absent, she or he can hardly get into a baby’s needs, thus respond and attune. Furthermore, women with stronger mother-prenate relationship during pregnancy had more secure attachment styles and children with better developmental outcomes than those women reporting lower mother-prenate attachment and less secure attachment styles. This indicates that attachment style may be a mediator of maternal mental health as well as attunement. Alhusen and colleagues suggest that poor prenatal attachment may be indicative of the mother’s attachment style that hinders her capacity to engage in intimate relationships with others, including her unborn baby, and through the child’s earliest life.
A kiss is not just a kiss: kissing frequency, sexual quality, attachment, and sexual and relationship satisfaction
Published in Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 2023
Dean M. Busby, Veronica Hanna-Walker, Chelom E. Leavitt
Avoidant attachment is a deactivation of the attachment system and is characterized by people trying to rely on themselves because they have learned that attachment figures are unreliable (Cassidy & Kobak, 1988). This manifests in romantic relationships by avoidant individuals wanting to distance themselves physically (Bogaert & Sadava, 2002; Gentzler & Kerns, 2004; Tracy, Shaver, Albino, & Cooper, 2003) and emotionally (Edelstein & Shaver, 2004) from their partner because they do not trust them (Fitzpatrick & Lafontaine, 2017). Due to this internal working model of mistrust, avoidant individuals have been observed to engage in less intimate behaviors with their romantic partners (Dillow, Goodboy, & Bolkan, 2014; Tucker & Anders, 1998). Owing to the potential relational purposes of kissing, it makes sense that someone who is avoidant would engage in less kissing than a secure individual because of their desire to shy away from relational bonds.
Understanding attachment in homeless adolescents and emerging adults with pets
Published in Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 2023
Mary Hartsell, Tara Rava Zolnikov
Without a protective physical environment or an emotionally present caregiver to consistently provide love or comfort, a child can experience negative developmental outcomes (e.g. high rates of emotional, cognitive, and physical health problems) that also forms in an insecure attachment (Easterbrooks & Graham, 1999; Garcia Coll et al., 1998; Smolen, 2003). The responses to the questions may have indicated that the participants all had developed a form of insecure or withdrawn type of attachment style (Ainsworth, 1978). Attachment styles also may have presented as either anxious or avoidant (Ainsworth, 1978). Participants in this study often described how they did not trust people and preferred to be alone. This is congruent with avoidant attachment outcomes, where children who suffer from insecure attachment have maladaptive social and emotional bonding to people (Howes & Ritchie, 1999). Children with insecure attachment styles have reduced capabilities for reliability, trust, and safety in relationships (Ainsworth, 1978; Bretherton, 1992; Bowlby, 1979; David et al., 2012). Attachment theory provides an applicable foundation for describing later developmental outcomes (e.g. adolescents and emerging adulthood) as a result of dysfunctional relationships that arose during childhood (Ainsworth, 1978; Bowlby, 1979). The findings were consistent with the literature as infants with insecure attachment styles reacted with either anger or ambivalence towards their mothers or primary caregivers (Bretherton, 1992).
The Relationship Between Attachment and Self-Injurious Behaviors in the Child and Adolescent Population: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Published in Archives of Suicide Research, 2022
Jennifer Woo, Andrew J. Wrath, G. Camelia Adams
Attachment anxiety only was measured in 3 studies, all of which found a positive association between attachment anxiety and NSSI (β = 0.28, p = 0.031, Cassels et al., 2019; F(1, 1,714) = 71.69, p < 0.001, Tatnell et al., 2014; and t(2,465) = 15.01, 95% CI = 5.25–6.83, p < 0.001, Tatnell et al., 2017). Further, attachment anxiety was also higher in individuals who maintained their NSSI behavior over the course of the study compared to individuals with no history of NSSI (F(1, 1,714) = 136.55, p < 0.001, Tatnell et al., 2017) and even increased in individuals who had no history of NSSI but began harming themselves over the course of the study (t(66) = −2.53, p = 0.014). When attachment avoidance was specifically measured, Cassels et al. (2019) found that avoidant attachment to mother was indirectly associated with NSSI via behavioral problems (β = 0.13, p = 0.045).