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Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
In sports that have a large involvement of the upper extremity, the elbow is at risk of overuse injury. Large forces can be transmitted across the joint in hitting sports such as tennis and baseball. Overuse injuries can range from the severity of ligament tears to tissue inflammation at tendon insertions caused by overuse of the muscle involved. These injuries may be related to incorrect technique or simple overload. The many degrees of freedom of the upper extremity mean that a given movement of the hand can be achieved by many different positions and orientations of the proximal segments of the limb. Poor technique overstresses certain tissues and, as a result of the repetition of practice and competition, relatively minor deviations from the correct structural alignment of the limb can result in cumulative damage leading to overuse injury.
Metabolic Approaches to the Treatment of Back Pain
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
Carrie Diulus, Patrick Hanaway
Biomechanical changes secondary to structural alignment alterations related to congenital factors and healed injury or arthritic changes Congenital factorsChronic inflammationHealed injury and/or arthritic changesFatty replacement of multifidus and QL musclesTendon and ligament composition
Craniosacral Therapy for Traumatic Brain Injury Clients with Neurobehavioral Disorders
Published in Gregory J. Murrey, Alternate Therapies in the Treatment of Brain Injury and Neurobehavioral Disorders, 2017
Many of the TBI patients seen for treatment suffer from chronic pain issues related to their accidents and trauma. Many have suffered from severe orthopedic as well as neurological injuries throughout their bodies. It is common for these patients to complain of such symptoms as reoccurring severe headaches or back problems (Sims, 1989; Upledger and Vredevoogd, 1983; Danese, 1989). Many TBI patients suffer from restrictions in their movement and structural alignment problems. Craniosacral therapy has been a wonderful modality for helping with these issues. Therapy assists patients in revitalizing the central nervous system as well as releasing restrictions throughout the body that have contributed to many kinds of physical dysfunctions and pain. Positive structural-alignment changes result in profound significant improvements in pain control or reduction.
Amyposomes, a nanotechnological chaperone with anti-amyloidogenic activity
Published in Annals of Medicine, 2023
Francesca Re, Sofia Giorgetti, Barbara Biondi, Stefano Scapin, Francesco Mantegazza, Valeria Cassina, Silvia Maria Sesana, Laura Rizzi, Ivano Eberini, Luca Palazzolo, Marten Beeg, Marco Gobbi, Marco Sardina, Massimo Masserini
To further support this hypothesis, we selected from the Protein Data Bank the structures of Aβ1–40, Aβ1–42, SAA and TTR with an amyloid fibril conformation. Supplementary Figure S15 reports the selected proteins in both their native and amyloid fibril conformations. Since these three different proteins share a very low sequence identity (Supplementary Figure S15, bottom), as pointed out by their multiple alignment, but they share quite common structural features after fibril formation, a 3D superposition was produced and used to generate a structural alignment. In fact, a β-strand/turn/β-strand (β/t/β) conserved secondary structure features were identified in all the Aβ1–40, Aβ1–42, SAA and TTR structures. Moreover, the quaternary structure of all the studied proteins shows a cross-β structure characterised by a network of intermolecular hydrogen bonds (Supplementary Figure S15).
Identification, characterization, and molecular phylogeny of scorpion enolase (Androctonus crassicauda and Hemiscorpius lepturus)
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2023
Elham Pondehnezhadan, Atefeh Chamani, Fatemeh Salabi, Reihaneh Soleimani
For further investigation of the relationship between two scorpions, we examined the structural similarity of the enolase in two species using the UCSF Chimera software. UCSF Chimera software displays a structural alignment of the predicted Eno from A. crassicauda with predicted Eno from H. lepturus and automatically associates structures with sequences in the alignment (Figure 3 and Figure S3). The results indicated that the primary structure of scorpion enolase is divided into two domains, which are anti-parallel identical subunits and composed of 13 alpha helices and 11 beta sheets with similar structures compared to each other (Figure 3). In UCSF Chimera software, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of the chain A and B of enolases are predicted to be 0.078 and 0.074 Å, respectively. Clustal Omega Alignment of the secondary structure of enolases is shown in Figure S3.
New insights about scorpion venom hyaluronidase; isoforms, expression and phylogeny
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2023
For molecular modeling of Hase isoforms, the amino acid sequences of hyaluronidase from A. crassicauda and H. lepturus were input into the SWISS-MODEL (http://swissmodel.expasy.org) online software to predict and build the tertiary structural model of hyaluronidase protein. The quality of the predicted structures was evaluated via ERRAT, Verify3D and PROCHECK through the SAVESv6.0 (https://saves.mbi.ucla.edu/) and also by Z-score through the ProSA-web (https://prosa.services.came.sbg.ac.at/prosa.php). The predicted three-dimensional structures were used for comparison of the structural homology between A. crassicauda -Hase and the structure of Hase derived from H. lepturus. The UCSF Chimera software (ver. 1.11.2, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA) was used to structural alignment and visualization of the predicted structures of A. crassicauda and H. lepturus Hases isoforms. UCSF Chimera software is a program for the interactive visualization and analysis of molecular structures (https://www.cgl.ucsf.edu/chimera/).